Searching for Structure
Reconstructing Crow Family Life during the Reservation Era
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4040361 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Frederick E Hoxie (corresponding author) |
| Year | 1991 |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 287 |
| Publication date | 1991-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The American Indian Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0095-182X • E-ISSN: 1534-1828 |
| Publisher | JSTOR (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.2307/1185471 |
| OpenAlex | W2015828141 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 3 |
N NORTH AMERICA, THE SOCIAL HISTORY of native communities follows a common, four-part outline. First, there was a period when groups existed without European contact. Second, there was a period of non-coercive interaction with Europeans during which natives and nonnatives exchanged microbes, information, trade goods and political allegiances. Third, there was a coercive period during which Europeans established military, economic and cultural control over the Indians. In the wake of this domination there was a fourth period, at least for those who survived. For those who were not destroyed, the fourth period was marked by survival and cultural persistence. In the United States, these four stages were commonly experienced but of uneven lengths. The precontact period stretched over thousands of years. The stage of non-coercive interaction lasted for a century or more. The period of domination was shorter. Aside from the coastal tribes of the Atlantic seaboard, the California Mission Indians and the Pueblos of the Spanish Southwest, Indian people now living within the borders of the United States were not subjected to direct conquest by Euroamericans until the nineteenth century. The relative swiftness of the domination process is probably one of the reasons why so many tribal cultures have survived into the twentieth century. Like the citizens of Hiroshima or Nagasaki in August, 1945, nineteenth-century Native Americans witnessed levels of destruction and dislocation that were unprecedented and therefore unforeseen. Communities saw their subsistence base, their religious systems, and their political leadership assaulted and crushed before their eyes, and yet many survived to rebuild their communities and their traditions in the postwar world. The reconstruction process had many dimensions-political, economic, social-but it involved a common effort to weigh old patterns and ideas against new limits. On the Northern Plains, even groups who responded peacefully to the American onslaught were swept into the maelstrom. In the last half of the nineteenth century they lost their freedom, their military
Ancient history · Archaeology · Aside · CONQUEST · Economic history · Ethnology · Genealogy · Period (music · Political science · Politics · Subsistence agriculture · American Environmental and Regional History · Archaeology and Natural History · History · Law
| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,1 |
| Citation span | 1995 - 2022 (28) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |