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Occupation as Critique

Left-Wing Student Organizing in Frankfurt and San Diego, 1969

Bibliographic Data

ID4071165
AuthorsCecilia Sebastian (0000-0001-6009-3462, corresponding author)
Year2024
Volume51
Issue3
Pages21-43
Publication date2024-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueNew German Critique (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0094-033X • E-ISSN: 1558-1462
PublisherDuke University Press (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1215/0094033x-11309171
OpenAlexW4404750063
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited16

This article offers a transatlantic student perspective on the theory-practice debate at the center of Theodor Adorno and Herbert Marcuse's 1969 correspondence, famously bookended by the occupation of the Institute for Social Research in January and Adorno's death in August. Noting that there were not one but two student occupations that occurred during this period, with Marcuse supporting the second led by Black and Chicanx students at the University of California, San Diego, it undertakes a comparative reading of the insights and activities of the self-named Spartacus Department in Frankfurt and Lumumba-Zapata College in San Diego. It first recovers a multidimensional critique of the role of the postwar university in advancing capital accumulation and entrenching racial segregation-twinned processes that students recognized as posing an existential threat to the exercise of critical thinking within the university. It then argues that the Spartacus Department's and Lumumba-Zapata College's mutual attempts to occupy and refigure corners of the accredited university as sites of horizontal teaching and learning encode the missing theory of organization in the Frankfurt School's corpus. By recentering the insights and motivations of these two campaigns and two of the students who led them, Angela Davis and Hans-Jürgen Krahl, this article illuminates a path for a more political iteration of Critical Theory after 1969

Environmental ethics · Sociology · Wing · Aerospace Engineering · Communism, Protests, Social Movements · Critical Theory and Philosophy · Engineering · European history and politics · Philosophy

  • Marxist pedagogy and form

    Open Access•T E Lewis•The Review of Education Pedagogy…•2026

  • Introduction

    Paul Fleming, Cecilia Sebastian•New German Critique•2025

  • The Frankfurt School

    Rolf Wiggershaus•The Frankfurt School•1994

  • Angela Davis--an autobiography

    Angela Y Davis•Angela Davis--an autobiography•1974

  • The Reorder of Things

    Roderick A Ferguson•The Reorder of Things•2012

  • Changing the World, Changing Oneself. Political Protest and Collective Identities in West Germany and the U.S. in the 1960s and 1970s

    Holger Nehring•Social History•2011

  • West Germany and the Global Sixties

    Open Access•Timothy S Brown•West Germany and the Global Sixties•2013

  • Geschichte der Frankfurter Schule

    Emil Walter‐busch, Emil Walter-Busch•Geschichte der Frankfurter Schule•2010

  • The Routledge Companion to the Frankfurt School

    Peter E Gordon, Espen Hammer et al.•Routledge Companion to the…•2018

  • The Reorder of Things

    Roderick A Ferguson•The Reorder of Things•2010

  • The Black Revolution on Campus

    Ronald A Kuykendall•Journal for the Study of Radicalism•2015

  • The Year of the Monkey

    John M Farago, John Farago•The Journal of Higher Education•1984

  • Angela Davis and Critical Theory, from Kant to Abolition

    Cecilia Sebastian•Polity•2024

  • Adorno and Marcuse at the Barricades

    Bradley J Macdonald, Katherine E Young•New Political Science•2018

Unique citing works2
Citations per year2
Citation span2025 - 2026 (2)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

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