Confrontational but Not Violent
An Assessment of the Potential for Violence by the Anti-Authority Community in Canada
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4087157 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Barbara Perry (Ontario Tech University, corresponding author), David C Hofmann (University of New Brunswick), Ryan Scrivens (0000-0001-7432-7370, Simon Fraser University) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue | 8 |
| Pages | 1776-1796 |
| Publication date | 2020-11-16 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Terrorism and Political Violence (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0954-6553 • E-ISSN: 1556-1836 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/09546553.2018.1516210 |
| OpenAlex | W2891046630 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
Despite a pervasive concern among law enforcement and security agencies, there are relatively few academic explorations of the likelihood of violence associated with anti-authority activists from groups such as the Freemen-on-the-Land, Sovereign Citizens, and similar movements within Canada. In order to begin addressing this gap in knowledge, this article uses a multi-method approach to explore and assess the potential for violence by the Canadian anti-authority community against the state in particular. Data were gathered from interviews with law enforcement, lawyers, judges, notaries, and movement adherents (n = 32), as well as from the analysis of open source data which included media reports, court documents, and movement websites. Results suggest that there are three distinct classes of violent activity, directed specifically at the state and state actors, that are prevalent among Canadian anti-authority movements: a) offensive/extremist violence; b) defensive/reactionary violence; and c) harassment and intimidation. The article concludes with a discussion of two emerging areas of concern related to Canadian anti-authority violence and responses to the anti-authority community in Canada
Community policing · Criminology · Enforcement · Harassment · Intimidation · Law enforcement · Offensive · Political science · Politics · Reactionary · Sociology · Sovereignty · Gun Ownership and Violence Research · Law · Policing Practices and Perceptions · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
An exploration of right-wing extremist incidents in Atlantic Canada
The UN Sustainable Development Goals and Provision of Security, Responses to Crime and Security Threats, and Fair Criminal Justice Systems
Violence risk assessment of Sovereign Citizens
“Cops Need Doxxed”
Of Freemen and Strawmen
All These Crazies
| Citations per year | 1.2 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2021 - 2026 (6) |
| Highly cited | No |