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Overgrazing in Pastoral Areas

The Commons Reconsidered

Bibliographic Data

ID4446751
AuthorsJere L Gilles (0000-0002-8260-6924, University of Missouri), Keith Jamtgaard (University of Missouri)
Year1981
Volume21
Issue1
Pages129-141
Publication date1981-04-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSociologia Ruralis (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0038-0199 • E-ISSN: 1467-9523
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1467-9523.1981.tb00298.x
OpenAlexW2075116075
LanguageEN
Citations received37
References cited8

The tragedy of the commons concept as popularized by Garrett Hardin places the blame for desertification and overgrazing in pastoral areas upon the land tenure system. Common ownership of pastureland is seen as the major culprit. Examination of ethnographic literature does not reveal a close relationship between common ownership of pastures and resource depletion. Where large numbers of people share a pasture with low but highly variable yields, common ownership is the most desirable form of land tenure. There are many situations where common pastures have been properly managed. Examples from Switzerland, Peru and Africa are presented. These examples illustrate the basic characteristics of a properly managed common grazing system. Collective ownership of land can under these circumstances facilitate livestock development rather than impede it.RÉSUMÉLa tragédie des terres communales - concept popularisé par Garret Hardin - situe la responsabilité de la désertification et du surpaturage dans les zones pastorales au niveau du système de propriété de la terre. La propriété commune des paturages est considérée comme la cause majeure. Un examen de la littérature ethnographique ne confirme pas une relation évidente entre cette propriété commune et un épuisement des ressources. Aux endroits où un grand nombre de gens partagent un paturage dont les rendements sont bas mais très variables, cette propriété commune apparaît comme la meilleure forme d'utilisation de la terre. Il y a d'ailleurs de nombreux cas où ces paturages communs ont été correctement organisés; des exemples de Suisse, du Pérou et d'Afrique sont décrits. Ils montrent les caractéristiques fondamentales d'un système bien organisé de paturage collectif: dans ces conditions, un usage collectif de la terre peut faciliter la croissance du cheptel plutôt que l'empêcher.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas von Garrett Hardin verbreitete Konzept der Tragödie der Gemeinschaftsweiden macht die Bodeneigentumsverhältnisse für Verwüstung und Überweidung von Weidegebieten verantwortlich. Gemeinschaftliches Eigentum an Weideland wird als Hauptursache dafür angesehen. Das Studium ethnographischer Literatur läßt dagegen keine enge Beziehung zwischen gemeinschaftlichem Eigentum und Zerstörung von natürlichen Resourcen erkennen. Dort, wo eine große Zahl von Menschen sich ein Weidegebiet mit niedrigen, aber sehr stark variierenden Erträgen miteinander teilt, ist gemeinschaftliches Eigentum die bestgeeigneteste Bodeneigentumsform. Es gibt viele Gemeinschaftsweiden, die gut geführt werden. Es werden Beispiele dafür aus der Schweiz, aus Peru und Afrika vorgestellt. Diese Beispiele zeigen die grundlegenden Merkmale eines gut geführten gemeinschaftlichen Weidennutzungssystems auf. Gemeinschaftliches Bodeneigentum kann unter diesen Bedingungen die Entwicklung der Viehhaltung eher erleichtern als erschweren

Biology · Commons · Geography · Grazing · Humanities · Overgrazing · Political science · Tragedy of the commons · Agriculture and Rural Development Research · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management · Ecology · Law · Philosophy · Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology

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Unique citing works32
Citations per year0,9
Citation span1985 - 2024 (40)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 24

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