Interpreting Spatial Patterns from the 1990 China Census
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4486665 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Clifton W Pannell, Jeffrey S Torguson |
| Year | 1991 |
| Volume | 81 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 304 |
| Publication date | 1991-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Geographical Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0016-7428 • E-ISSN: 1931-0846 |
| Publisher | JSTOR (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.2307/215634 |
| OpenAlex | W2072517509 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 5 |
From the 1990 China Census vital statistics and rates geographic patterns minority nationalities urbanization and migration and illiteracy and educational levels are examined and interpretations made. In spite of a low birth rate and a declining fertility rate Chinas population continued to expand during the 1980s by 16 million people annually. Rigorous family planning practices have made China distinctive. The future prospects in an older population with a smaller family size continued substantial population growth and transition from a predominately agricultural economy are unemployment problems. Spatial representation is provided in 1982-90 for the rate of net natural increase of population and the % increase of population as well as the levels of urbanization for 1990. Software packages that were utilized include: a Quattro spreadsheet for entry of demographic variables Classy for classification Atlas Graphics for a digitized boundary file of China and EGAPaint for cartographic effects. Chinas population increases during the 1980s resulted from large number of reproductive aged women. Net natural increases vary among the 30 1st order administrative regions. Provinces with high minority populations such as Anhui Tibet Xinjiang and Ningxia had the highest rates. The lowest rates were in Zhejiang Sichuan Liaoning and 3 national municipalities: Shanghai Beijing and Tianjin. The annual crude birth rate was 20.98/1000 and has been stable since 1982. There was a small increase in the male to female ratio of 106.6 males/100 females from 106.3 in 1982. The geographic concentration of population is in the eastern half of the country although the culture and civilization began in the middle and lower Yellow River basin. Although the populations in the west are smaller Tibet and Xinjiang have the fastest growing populations but they remain low density populations. The spatial distribution of population varies greatly. Increased migration and mobility do not lend themselves to easy interpretation of causes of growth and patterns of growth. There are 55 recognized minorities and number 91 million in 1990 (8% of total population) or an increase of 24 million from 1982. Minorities tend to be concentrated in border areas. With improved measures of urbanization the 1990 census reported 26.2% urban or a 20.6% increase over 1982. The large cities are Shanghai Beijing and Tianjin. High levels of urbanization and per capita income are found in coastal and northeastern areas such as Liaoning Jilin and Heilongjiang as well as interior regions such as Xinjiang Inner Mongolia and Qinghai. It is suggested that there has been sizeable Han migration to these interior areas. In 1990 16% were illiterate although Tibet had 44%. Educational levels are rising
Beijing · Birth rate · Census · China · Demographic analysis · Demographic transition · Economic growth · Economics · Family planning · Fertility · Functional illiteracy · Geography · Internal migration · Net migration rate · Political science · Population · Population growth · Population statistics · Research methodology · Socioeconomics · Sociology · Total fertility rate · Urbanization · Demography · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Rural development and sustainability · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,09 |
| Citation span | 1992 - 2003 (12) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |