The Great War, the Russian Civil War, and the Invention of Big Science

Bibliographic Data

ID4516637
AuthorsAlexei Kojevnikov (0000-0002-1666-1669, University of Georgia, corresponding author)
Year2002
Volume15
Issue2
Pages239-275
Publication date2002-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueScience in Context (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0269-8897 • E-ISSN: 1474-0664
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s0269889702000443
PMID12467271
OpenAlexW2152660001
LanguageEN
Citations received19
References cited11

ArgumentThe revolutionary transformation in Russian science toward the Soviet model of research started even before the revolution of 1917. It was triggered by the crisis of World War I, in response to which Russian academics proposed radical changes in the goals and infrastructure of the country's scientific effort. Their drafts envisioned the recognition of science as a profession separate from teaching, the creation of research institutes, and the turn toward practical, applied research linked to the military and industrial needs of the nation. The political revolution and especially the Bolshevik government that shared or appropriated many of the same views on science, helped these reforms materialize during the subsequent Civil War. By 1921, the foundation of a novel system of research and development became established, which in its most essential characteristics was similar to the U.S. later phenomenon known as "big science

Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Spanish Civil War · International Science and Diplomacy · Law · Philosophy, History, and Historiography · Twentieth Century Scientific Developments

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