Beyond Pico
The SPIDER Tool for Qualitative Evidence Synthesis
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4636637 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Alison Cooke (0000-0002-3758-6629, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom), Debbie Smith (0000-0001-7875-1582, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom), Andrew Booth (0000-0003-4808-3880, School of Health and Related Research, Sheffield, United Kingdom) |
| Year | 2012 |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue | 10 |
| Pages | 1435-1443 |
| Publication date | 2012-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Qualitative Health Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1049-7323 • E-ISSN: 1552-7557 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1049732312452938 |
| PMID | 22829486 |
| OpenAlex | W2111335329 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 342 |
| References cited | 41 |
Standardized systematic search strategies facilitate rigor in research. Current search tools focus on retrieval of quantitative research. In this article we address issues relating to using existing search strategy tools, most typically the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) formulation for defining key elements of a review question, when searching for qualitative and mixed methods research studies. An alternative search strategy tool for qualitative/mixed methods research is outlined: SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type). We used both the SPIDER and PICO search strategy tools with a qualitative research question. We have used the SPIDER tool to advance thinking beyond PICO in its suitable application to qualitative and mixed methods research. However, we have highlighted once more the need for improved indexing of qualitative articles in databases. To constitute a viable alternative to PICO, SPIDER needs to be refined and tested on a wider range of topics
Data science · Information retrieval · Management science · Population · Qualitative research · Search engine indexing · Social science · Sociology · Computer Science · Engineering · Meta-analysis and systematic reviews · Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
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The Experiences of Mental Health Professionals Supporting Forced Migrants
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From grief, guilt pain and stigma to hope and pride – a systematic review and meta-analysis of mixed-method research of the psychosocial impact of stillbirth
Epidemiology of Substance Use among Forced Migrants
Prevention of Sexual Safety Incidents Within Older Adult, Disability and Mental Health Care Settings
Exploring the physical contexts of physical activity in children and adolescents across countries using GPS, GIS, and accelerometry – a systematic review
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Influencing factors of international students’ social interactions at the host university
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Facilitators, barriers and intervention strategies for medication adherence in patients receiving thyroid hormone replacement therapy
Partners’ influences on women’s experiences of living with and managing gestational diabetes mellitus
Young People's ( YP ) Experiences and Perceptions of Psychotherapy
Cultural and Religious Influences on Muslim Clients' Mental Health Support Experiences
Women’s Experiences of Screening and Assessment of Mental Health Problems in the Perinatal Period
The impact of child sexual abuse material (CSAM)
Experiences of older people during re-entry from prison – an exploration of current research using a systematic quantitative literature review (SQLR)
Revisión sistemática exploratoria sobre el intercambio de conocimiento en las comunidades de práctica virtuales
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The experience and expression of spirituality in childhood
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Challenges and successes in collaborative tourism governance
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Artificial intelligence in doctoral training
Integrating industry 4.0 and 5.0 technologies in luxury fashion retail interiors
Unplugging beyond the workplace
Generative AI Governance Model in Educational Research
Barriers and Facilitators in the Transition From Higher Education to Employment for Students With Disabilities
Gender as performance, experience, identity and, variable
Signature Pedagogies in Collaborative Creative Learning in Advanced Music Training, Education and Professional Development
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A systematic review of the barriers and facilitators to lived experience involvement in mental health services
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Factors Influencing Pregnancy and Postpartum Weight Management in Women of African and Caribbean Ancestry Living in High Income Countries
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Living in a pandemic
Challenges and Strategies of Business Organisations in Complying with Personal Data Protection and Privacy Laws
Occupation-Related Volunteering
Social Capital in Online Gaming Communities
Human resources for health
Effectiveness of measures taken by governments to support hand hygiene in community settings
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Professional communication practices in intensive care
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The effect of educational leadership on students’ achievement
The complex journey towards the enactment of inclusion in physical education
Why has the United States of America not ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child? The veto fulcrum as a new health policy analysis framework
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Non-native English-speaking (NNES) students’ English academic writing experiences in higher education
Referral process and unjustified disproportional representation of migrant children in special education provisions
Inclusive curricula for students with severe intellectual disabilities or profound and multiple learning difficulties
Defining and acting on water poverty in England and Wales
The interlinkages between land consolidation and land governance – a comparative study of China and Germany
A scoping review of factors that influence career changers’ motivations and decisions when considering teaching
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions
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Utilization of the Pico framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions
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| Unique citing works | 342 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 26,31 |
| Citation span | 2013 - 2026 (14) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 333 |