Metal Forge Products at the Maray 1 Hillfort
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 4696549 |
|---|---|
| Authors | N M Zinyakov (0000-0002-3015-5594, corresponding author), I Tsembalyuk (0000-0002-9817-5823) |
| Year | 2019 |
| Issue | 1(44 |
| Pages | 15-24 |
| Publication date | 2019-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Vestnik arheologii, antropologii i ètnografii (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1811-7465 • E-ISSN: 2071-0437 |
| Publisher | Tyumen Scientific Center of the SB RAS (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.20874/2071-0437-2019-44-1-015-024 |
| OpenAlex | W2937543994 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
| References cited | 2 |
The article considers the problem of the origin of iron-processing production in the Tobol-Ishim interfluve during the Early Iron Age, which has yet to be fully studied. The absence of iron items in the monumental materials of the beginning of the Early Iron Age meant that questions concerning iron processing methods, sources of the metal and the time of the origin of the ferrous metallurgy in this territory were not raised. Until now, it was believed that all iron items found in Tobol-Ishim basin were imported. It is probable that the absence of finds of iron objects is related to the mode of occurrence under conditions of sandy soils. This means that their absence may be due to the fact that they have simply not survived to our present time. Analysis of forged products found at the Maray 1 site allows conclusions to be drawn about local iron and iron production. Metallographic studies of ferrous metal products show that the population of the Maray 1 settlement was at the initial stage of the development of iron. In this early smelting industry, a relatively soft bloom iron containing a significant amount of slag impurities was used as a raw material. Occasionally partially carburised iron was used. The smiths of this time were not yet familiar with the methods of manufacturing steel, but were familiar with techniques for working with metal in the forging process. Findings on the site of slags, iron bursts, drops and balls indicate the presence of domestic iron metallurgy among the Baitovo population. The process of metalworking and the manufacture of objects made of iron occurred directly on the territory of the settlement. The data obtained, in conjunction with the available materials on the presence of iron and iron processing industries among the population of the Sargatka culture of Tobol and Kulayka in the Lower Ob, led to a conclusion about the beginning of active development of iron production in Western Siberia in the Early Iron Age. The chronological framework of the study is 4th–2nd cc. BC
Forge · Forging · Metallurgy · Materials Science · Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts
The Complex of the Maray 4 Fortified Settlement in the Forest-Steppe of Ishim Area (Beginning of the Early Iron Age)
Data on the dynamics of the fortification construction of the Baitovo culture in the context of the traditions of defensive architecture among the population of the early iron age of the forest-steppe Trans-Ural
Investigation of ancient iron and copper production remains from Irtyash Lake (middle Trans-Urals, Russia)
Metallographic study of non-ferrous metal products from the Maray 1 site of the Baitovo Cul-ture in the Lower Ishim River region
Dwellings of the population of the Early Iron Age Baitovo Culture in the Tobol-Ishim forest-steppe
Metallurgical groups of non-ferrous metal products of the Baitovo Culture in the settlement of Marai 1
| Unique citing works | 6 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,86 |
| Citation span | 2019 - 2024 (6) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 5 |