The Government of Sinnar

The Sinnar sultanate dominated much of the northern Nilotic Sudan during the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, and has been generally recognized as one of the important states in northeastern Africa during that era. It seems, however, that historians of Africa know less about Sinnar than, about the contemporary states of the western Sudanic region.1 In large part this situation is a result of the fact that the colonial period in the Sudan began early (1820-1821), and the hand of foreign rule was, heavy. Although visitors to the Sudan in the nineteenth century were deficient neither in numbers nor in intellectual vigor, they were denied the opportunity afforded to their contemporaries such as Heinrich Barth olf observing their hosts in a state of independence. A second barrier to a better understanding of Sinnar has been the familiarity of historians with sources in English and Arabic tol the neglect of equally relevant materials in French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, and Turkish. In particular, historians, have relied excessively upon the accounts of James Bruce and John Lewis Burckhardt.2 Both explorers visited Sinnar

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• Evolution and changes in the morphologies of Sudanese cities

  Mohamed Babiker Ibrahim, Omer Abdalla Omer•Urban Geography•2014

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