Economie et politique des transports urbains. 1855-1939

Economy and policy of urban transports. 1885-1939. From the Haussmann capital to the Paris area of the 1930's the system of urban transports was deeply influenced by the economical intervenors who dictated its trends and gave its rhythms of development. It has long been cut off by an official speech which saw only political acts in the development of this field. Under a state control still not very interventionist, reference to strategies of financial and industrial groups which intervened in transport cause appears - in our opinion - the most convincing. Of course, sometimes objectives and methods differed from one another completely. Haussmann town planning had claimed to be a planner. However, it entrusted a group with the servicing of parisians whose the main sources of profit came from property speculation. Mobility is selective, dissociation between home-work is a privilege of which most of the population is excluded. Transport becomes common-place between the two centuries when the reference to political actors as a explanation factor seems to be justified. Changes in transports industry is based upon an internal logic fitted for the two firms which at that time invest the whole parisian concessionary companies : Thomson and Traction. Without any doubt , the generalization of the interested state company - that is to say of a legal system where the community has appropriated the fixed capital of transports companies - makes an important stape in interventionism after the First World War : transport is becoming more and more commonplace. The general board of the Seine (department) vainly claims to have the service divided into departments for it expects to use the infrastructures as a support for its schemes of urban planning. But the car appears and with it a new cycle of transport which upsets the state company and the plans of the department meeting : the RATP, the general development plan of the Paris area and the RER - as many forms hardly improved as part of these plans - where postponed to a later date

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• L'echec du projet industriel sur les terrains de Perrache, 1826–1832

  Claudine Fontanon•History and Technology•1988

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