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Analysis of socio-political and health practices influencing sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam

Bibliographic Data

ID4779969
AuthorsBang Nguyen Pham (0000-0002-8136-4660, The University of Queensland), Wendy Hall (0000-0003-1984-0096, The University of Queensland), Wayne Hall, P Hill (0000-0001-7091-5108, The University of Queensland), Peter S Hill, Chalapati Rao (0000-0002-9554-0581, The University of Queensland)
Year2008
Volume16
Issue32
Pages176-184
Publication date2008-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueReproductive Health Matters (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0968-8080 • E-ISSN: 1460-9576
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1016/s0968-8080(08)32412-4
PMID19027634
OpenAlexW2093399547
LanguageEN
Citations received12
References cited34

Viet Nam has experienced rapid social change over the last decade, with a remarkable decline in fertility to just below replacement level. The combination of fertility decline, son preference, antenatal sex determination using ultrasound and sex selective abortion are key factors driving increased sex ratios at birth in favour of boys in some Asian countries. Whether or not this is taking place in Viet Nam as well is the subject of heightened debate. In this paper, we analyse the nature and determinants of sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam, including a small family size norm, recent reinforcement by the Government of the “one-to-two child” family policy, traditional son preference, easy access to antenatal ultrasound screening and legal abortion, and an increase in the proportion of one-child families. In order to prevent an increased sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam, we argue for the relaxation of the one-to-two child family policy and a return to the policy of “small family size” as determined by families, in tandem with a comprehensive approach to promoting the value of women and girls in society, countering traditional gender roles, and raising public awareness of the negative social consequences of a high sex ratio at birth.RésuméCes dix dernières années, le Viet Nam a connu des changements sociaux rapides, avec une baisse remarquable de la fécondité qui est désormais juste au-dessous du taux de remplacement. Le déclin de la fécondité, la préférence pour les garçons, l’utilisation des ultrasons pour déterminer le sexe du fłtus et l’avortement sélectif sont autant de facteurs qui expliquent les taux de masculinité élevés à la naissance dans certains pays asiatiques. Déterminer si c’est ou non le cas au Viet Nam suscite des débats animés. Dans cet article, nous analysons la nature et les déterminants du rapport de masculinité à la naissance au Viet Nam, notamment la norme de la famille peu nombreuse, le renforcement récent par le Gouvernement de la politique de limitation à un ou deux enfants par famille, la préférence traditionnelle pour les garçons, l’accès aisé aux échographies prénatales et à l’avortement légal, et l’accroissement de la proportion des enfants uniques. Afin d’éviter que le rapport de masculinité ne s’élève au Viet Nam, nous plaidons en faveur de l’assouplissement de la politique familiale et d’un retour à la politique de la famille de petite taille, déterminée par les parents, en association avec une approche globale pour promouvoir la valeur des femmes et des filles dans la société, contrer les rôles traditionnellement dévolus à chaque sexe et sensibiliser l’opinion aux conséquences néfastes d’un rapport élevé de masculinité à la naissance.ResumenEn la última década, Viet Nam ha experimentado un acelerado cambio social, con un sorprendente descenso del índice de fertilidad a justo por debajo del nivel de reposición. La combinación de dicho descenso, la preferencia por hijos varones, la determinación prenatal del sexo fetal con ultrasonido y el aborto por selección del sexo son factores importantes que propician un aumento en la proporción de varones entre recién nacidos en algunos países asiáticos. Cada vez se debate más si esto está ocurriendo en Viet Nam. En este artículo, analizamos la naturaleza y los determinantes de la proporción de sexos entre recién nacidos en Viet Nam: la norma de una familia pequeña, la reciente reafirmación por parte del Gobierno de la política de familias con “uno o dos hijos”, la preferencia tradicional por varones, el acceso fácil al tamizaje por ultrasonido prenatal y al aborto legal, y el aumento en la proporción de familias con un hijo. A fin de evitar un aumento en la proporción de varones entre recién nacidos en Viet Nam, abogamos por la relajación de la política de familias con uno o dos hijos y por un retorno a la política de “familias pequeñas” con el tamaño determinado por las familias, conjuntamente con un enfoque integral para promover el valor de las mujeres y niñas en la sociedad, contrarrestar los roles tradicionales de género y crear mayor conciencia de las consecuencias sociales negativas de una alta proporción de varones entre recién nacidos

Abortion · Birth rate · Ethnology · Fertility · Geography · Political science · Population · Pregnancy · Reproductive health · Sex ratio · Sociology · Viet nam · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences · Demography · Gender Studies · Global Maternal and Child Health

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Unique citing works12
Citations per year0,71
Citation span2009 - 2021 (13)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 10

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