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Ethics and the Invisible Hand

Bibliographic Data

ID4801533
AuthorsJerry Evensky (Associate Professor of Economics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York., corresponding author)
Year1993
Volume7
Issue2
Pages197-205
Publication date1993-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueThe Journal of Economic Perspectives (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0895-3309 • E-ISSN: 1944-7965
PublisherAmerican Economic Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1257/jep.7.2.197
OpenAlexW2124465759
LanguageEN
Citations received20
References cited11

As modern economists, we use Adam Smith's "invisible hand" metaphor confident that we all know what it means in our discourse: it reflects our admiration for the elegant and smooth functioning of the market system as a coordinator of autonomous individual choices in an interdependent world. But in Adam Smith's moral philosophy, the invisible hand has a much broader responsibility: if individuals are to enjoy the fruits of a classical liberal society, the invisible hand must not only coordinate individuals' choices, it must shape the individuals into constructive social beings-ethical beings. I begin by presenting the philosophical basis for Smith's invisible hand, describing the sense in which the hand is invisible and whose hand it is. I then describe the story Smith tells of the invisible hand creating and maintaining a constructive classical liberal society and show how Smith's story evolved as his faith in the ability of the invisible hand to shape an appropriate ethical foundation waned. I conclude with some thoughts on the legacy of Adam Smith and of our predecessors in economic inquiry more generally

Adam smith · Admiration · Aesthetics · Constructive · Economics · Environmental ethics · Epistemology · Faith · Interdependence · Invisible hand · Law and economics · Metaphor · Neoclassical economics · Political science · Social science · Sociology · Economic Theory and Institutions · Law · Philosophy · Political Economy and Marxism · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Adam Smith, Behavioral Economist

    Open Access•Nava Ashraf, Colin F Camerer et al.•The Journal of Economic…•2005

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    Jerry Evensky•History of Political Economy•2005

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    Open Access•Jerry Evensky•Adam Smith's Moral Philosophy•2005

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    Open Access•Hugo E A Da Gama Cerqueira•Síntese Revista de Filosofia•2015

  • Business Ethics as Corporate Governance

    Open Access•Steen Thomsen•European Journal of Law and…•2001

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    Open Access•Allan Back, Roger Marjavaara et al.•International Journal of Tourism…•2022

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    Robert F Garnett•Review of Political Economy•2006

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    Open Access•Rod O’donnell•Review of Political Economy•2024

  • Sustainable agriculture and free market economics

    Open Access•Harvey S James•Agriculture and Human Values•2006

  • Ethics, human behavior and the methodology of social economics

    Charles K Wilber, Charles Wilber•Forum for Social Economics•2004

  • Mere Inventions of the Imagination

    Open Access•Vanessa Brown, Vivienne Brown•Economics and Philosophy•1997

  • Whose Interest? Conflicts with the Invisible Hand

    Jimena Hurtado, Maria Pia Paganelli•History of Political Economy•2026

  • What Did Smith Mean by the Invisible Hand

    William D Grampp•Journal of Political Economy•2000

  • The evolution of environmentally responsible investment

    Open Access•Julie M Whittaker, Julie Whittaker•Ecological Economics•2011

  • Adam Smith on Instincts, Affection, and Informal Learning

    Jonathan B Wight•Review of Social Economy•2009

  • Adam Smith's Ethics and the “Noble Arts” 1

    Jonathan B Wight•Review of Social Economy•2006

  • Adam Smith e o surgimento do discurso econômico

    Open Access•Hugo E A Da Gama Cerqueira, Hugo da Gama Cerqueira•Brazilian Journal of Political…•2004

  • "Theological (and Hence Economic) Implications of Adam Smith's "Principles which Lead and Direct Philosophical Enquiries

    Spencer J Pack•History of Political Economy•1995

  • Adam Smith's Moral Philosophy

    Jerry Evensky•History of Political Economy•1998

  • The Fundamental Theorems of Modern Welfare Economics, Historically Contemplated

    Mark Blaug•History of Political Economy•2007

  • The Economics and the Ethics of Constitutional Order

    James M Buchanan, James Buchanan•The economics and the ethics of…•1991

  • The Economic Approach to Human Behavior

    Gary S Becker•Economic Approach to Human Behavior•1976

  • The Correspondence of Adam Smith

    Mary Amanda Stewart, Ernest Campbell Mossner et al.•The Philosophical Quarterly•1979

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    Open Access•Jerry Evensky•Scottish Journal of Political…•1992

  • Empire and Interest

    George Athan Billias, Michael Kammen•Journal of American History•1970

  • The Two Voices of Adam Smith

    Jerry Evensky•History of Political Economy•1987

  • Adam Smith on the Human Foundation of a Successful Liberal Society

    Jerry Evensky•History of Political Economy•1993

  • The Evolution of Adam Smith's Views on Political Economy

    Jerry Evensky•History of Political Economy•1989

  • Ethics and the Classical Liberal Tradition in Economics

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  • Dialogues concerning Natural Religion

    David Hume•1779

  • The Moral Dimension

    Lewis A Coser, Amitai Etzioni•Social Forces•1991

Unique citing works20
Citations per year0,65
Citation span1995 - 2026 (32)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 18

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