Mortality Reductions from Health Interventions

The Case of Immunization in Bangladesh

Dados Bibliográficos

ID4844757
AutoresMichael A Koenig, Michael Koenig, Vincent Fauveau, Bogdan Wojtyniak (0000-0002-2135-8226)
Ano1991
Volume17
Fascículo1
Páginas87
Data de publicação1991-03-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoPopulation and Development Review (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0098-7921 • E-ISSN: 1728-4457
EditoraJSTOR (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2307/1972353
OpenAlexW2023351771
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas11

Researchers used data from rural Matlab Bangladesh to examine potential mortality reductions from immunization. 20.5% of all neonatal deaths were attributable to tetanus. These deaths were very high during days 1-2. Nevertheless the number of deaths attributable to tetanus compared to all causes of death showed no tetanus deaths during days 1-4 (the primary risk period) and tetanus deaths were clustered in days 7-8. Moreover tetanus deaths accounted for 45% of all deaths during days 4-14. Indeed about 50% of all neonatal deaths occurred before tetanus could even contribute to mortality. The analysis indicated that administration of tetanus toxoid would result in reductions of neonatal mortality between 16-19 deaths/1000. Pertussis and measles vaccinations did not affect neonatal mortality rates. Tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccinations would contribute to a reduction of <2 deaths during the postneonatal period (1-11 months). Measles vaccinations would only cause a slight reduction in postneonatal mortality (1-5 deaths). The analysis showed that measles vaccinations hold the greatest promise for reduction in mortality in children 1-4 years old. For example the reductions ranged from 11-40.2. Tetanus and pertussis vaccinations in this age group contributed to only reductions of .4-1.2 deaths. The results demonstrated that immunizations do not significantly reduce deaths during the early months of life but measles vaccinations do reduce deaths in 1-4 year olds. Indeed the major causes of early infant mortality (low birth weight/prematurity acute respiratory infection dysentery and chronic diarrhea/ severe malnutrition) are not necessarily considered in primary health care strategies e.g. growth monitoring oral rehydration breast feeding and immunization (GOBI) strategy. Immunization programs should not be abandoned however

Environmental health · Immunization · Psychological intervention · Routine immunization · Global Maternal and Child Health · Immune responses and vaccinations · Immunology · Medicine · Nursing · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy