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"I have grown up controlling myself a lot." Fear and misconceptions about sex among adolescents vertically-infected with HIV in Tanzania

Bibliographic Data

ID5156319
AuthorsJoanna Busza (0000-0001-6334-0318, University of London), Giulia Vr Besana, Giulia Besana, Pasiens Mapunda, Elizabeth Oliveras (Pathfinder International)
Year2013
Volume21
Issue41
Pages87-96
Publication date2013-01-01
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueReproductive Health Matters (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0968-8080 • E-ISSN: 1460-9576
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1016/s0968-8080(13)41689-0
PMID23684191
OpenAlexW2072116828
LanguageEN
Citations received14
References cited37

With increased access to HIV treatment throughout Africa, a generation of HIV positive children is now transitioning to adulthood while living with a chronic condition requiring lifelong medication, which can amplify the anxieties of adolescence. This qualitative study explored how adolescents in Tanzania with HIV experience their nascent sexuality, as part of an evaluation of a home-based care programme. We interviewed 14 adolescents aged 15–19 who had acquired HIV perinatally, 10 of their parents or other primary caregivers, and 12 volunteer home-based care providers who provided support, practical advice, and referrals to clinical services. Adolescents expressed unease about their sexuality, fearing that sex and relationships were inappropriate and hazardous, given their HIV status. They worried about having to disclose their status to partners, the risks of infecting others and for their own health. Thus, many anticipated postponing or avoiding sex indefinitely. Caregivers and home-based care providers reinforced negative views of sexual activity, partly due to prevailing misconceptions about the harmful effects of sex with HIV. The adolescents had restricted access to accurate information, appropriate guidance, or comprehensive reproductive health services and were likely to experience significant unmet need as they initiated sexual relationships. Care programmes could help to reduce this gap by facilitating open communication about sexuality between adolescents and their caregivers, providers, and HIV-positive peers.RésuméGrâce à l'accès élargi au traitement du VIH en Afrique, une génération d'enfants séropositifs entre maintenant dans l'âge adulte tout en vivant avec une affection chronique qui demande une médication tout au long de la vie, ce qui peut amplifier les angoisses de l'adolescence. Cette étude qualitative s'est demandé comment les adolescents avec le VIH vivent leur sexualité naissante en Tanzanie, dans le cadre de l'évaluation d'un programme de soins à domicile. Nous avons interrogé 14 adolescents âgés de 15 à 19 ans contaminés par le VIH durant la période périnatale, 10 de leurs parents ou autres responsables principaux et 12 bénévoles prestataires de soins à domicile qui leur apportaient un soutien et des conseils pratiques, et les aiguillaient vers des services cliniques. Les adolescents ressentaient un malaise à propos de leur sexualité et craignaient que les rapports sexuels soient inappropriés et risqués, compte tenu de leur séropositivité. Ils appréhendaient de devoir révéler leur statut aux partenaires, s'inquiétaient du risque d'infection et craignaient pour leur propre santé. Beaucoup prévoyaient donc de reporter indéfiniment ou d'éviter les rapports sexuels. Les proches et les prestataires de soins à domicile renforçaient les idées négatives sur l'activité sexuelle, en partie du fait des préjugés dominants sur les conséquences néfastes de la sexualité avec le VIH. Les adolescents disposaient d'un accès restreint à des informations exactes, à des conseils adaptés ou à des services complets de santé génésique et risquaient de connaître d'importants besoins non satisfaits au moment où ils deviendraient sexuellement actifs. Les programmes de soins pourraient combler ces manques en facilitant une communication ouverte sur la sexualité entre les adolescents et les personnes qui s'occupent d'eux, les prestataires de soins et les pairs séropositifs.ResumenCon mayor acceso al tratamiento del VIH en toda Ãfrica, una generación de niños VIH-positivos ahora está pasando a la adultez a la vez que vive con una enfermedad crónica que requiere medicamentos de por vida, lo cual puede amplificar las ansiedades de la adolescencia. En este estudio cualitativo en Tanzania se exploró cómo la adolescencia con VIH experimenta su sexualidad incipiente, como parte de una evaluación de un programa de cuidados domiciliarios. Entrevistamos a 14 adolescentes de 15 a 19 años de edad, que habían adquirido el VIH por transmisión perinatal, 10 de sus padres u otros cuidadores principales y 12 voluntarios proveedores de cuidados domiciliarios, quienes brindaron apoyo, consejos prácticos y referencias a servicios clínicos. Los adolescentes expresaron inquietud respecto a su sexualidad, por temor de que el sexo y las relaciones fueran inapropiados y peligrosos, en vista de su estado de VIH. Se preocupaban por tener que revelar su estado a sus parejas, por los riesgos de infectar a otras personas y por su propia salud. Por ello, muchos de ellos previeron tener que aplazar o evitar las relaciones sexuales por tiempo indefinido. Los cuidadores y prestadores de servicios domiciliarios reforzaron los puntos de vista negativos sobre la actividad sexual, en parte debido a ideas erróneas imperantes respecto a los efectos dañinos de tener sexo con VIH. Los adolescentes tenían acceso limitado a información exacta, orientación correspondiente, o servicios integrales de salud reproductiva y probablemente tenían una importante necesidad insatisfecha según iniciaban sus relaciones sexuales. Los programas de tratamiento del VIH podrían ayudar a llenar esta brecha al facilitar comunicación abierta sobre la sexualidad entre adolescentes y sus cuidadores, prestadores de servicios de salud y pares VIH-positivos

Environmental health · Family medicine · Health care · Human sexuality · Population · Qualitative research · Reproductive health · Tanzania · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · Gender Studies · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions · Medicine · Nursing

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Citations per year1.17
Citation span2014 - 2022 (9)
Highly citedNo

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