Long Covid challenges in Brazil
An unfinished agenda for the Brazilian Unified National Health System
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 5222756 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Alberto Novaes Ramos (0000-0001-7982-1757, Universidade Federal do Ceará, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2024 |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Publication date | 2024-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Cadernos de Saude Publica (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0102-311X • E-ISSN: 1678-4464 |
| Publisher | FapUNIFESP (SciELO) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1590/0102-311xen008724 |
| OpenAlex | W4391941546 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 20 |
The COVID-19 pandemic represented an unprecedented public health and humanitarian crisis in the history of humanity and, from a syndemic perspective, caused unequal and long-term direct and indirect effects on the population combined with political, economic, social, environmental, and individual issues 1,2,3 .From the first cases in 2019 to December 31, 2023, the cumulative number of global cases and deaths reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) was impressive, despite the number of underreported cases: almost 774 million people affected, of which, more than 38 million in Brazil (4.9%).In total, COVID-19 caused 7 million deaths including 708,000 in Brazil (10%) 4,5 .With the WHO declaring COVID-19 a global health emergency in February 2020, global efforts have focused on reducing morbidity, with measures to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, vaccination to prevent infection and severe clinical forms, and reducing mortality 2,6 .Brazil, despite the response of Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS, acronym in Portuguese), has negative inter-federative articulation and coping strategies 1,2 .In addition the significant number of cases and deaths, COVID-19 is recognized as a chronic condition with high morbidity and mortality, despite being neglected by governments, researchers, health professionals, society in general, and people affected 2,6,7,8,9,10,11 .This clinical syndrome was initially called "long COVID" by patients with strong social media engagement and mobilization in advocacy strategies.The idea was to raise awareness and give visibility to an emerging public health problem 3,8,9,11,12 .The WHO officially recognized it in August 2020 13 , and defined it as a "post-COVID-19 condition" in people with probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, usually with persistent signs/symptoms three months after infection and lasting at least two months, and which are not explained by another diagnosis 8,12,13 .Other names are found in the literature, with specific definitions but limited consensus: "post-COVID syndrome" (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence/United Kingdom), "post-COVID-19 conditions" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/United States), "persistent symptoms or consequences of COVID-19", and "post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection" 3,8,12
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak · Betacoronavirus · Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) · Economic growth · Economics · Geography · Health care · Healthcare system · Political science · Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) · COVID-19 and Mental Health · Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders · Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 · Medicine · Virology
A clinical case definition of post-Covid-19 condition by a Delphi consensus
Long Covid
Prevalence of long Covid decreases for increasing Covid-19 vaccine uptake
Long Covid requires a global response centred on equity and dialogue
Exploring invisibility and epistemic injustice in Long Covid—A citizen science qualitative analysis of patient stories from an online Covid community
An intersectional analysis of long Covid prevalence
Propensity for Covid-19 severe epidemic among the populations of the neighborhoods of Fortaleza, Brazil, in 2020
Post-Covid-19 syndrome
Prevalence and factors associated with long Covid in adults from Southern Brazil
Post-Covid-19 syndrome among hospitalized Covid-19 patients
Long-term mass population effects of the Covid-19 pandemic
How and why patients made Long Covid
Racial Inequalities in the Health Establishment Access to the Treatment of Covid-19 in Brazil in 2020
| Unique citing works | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 1 |