Petróleo y capitalismo dependiente

Since its political independence in the 19th century, Latin American exports have predominantly oscillated around non-renewable natural resources, under the logic of a dependent insertion with respect to central economies, as indicated by the historical and structural trends observed by the Theorists of the Marxist dependency theory.This logic of insertion, genesis of the relation of development and underdevelopment, demands constant and increasing amounts of finite natural resources, which were constituted as indispensable means of production for contemporary capitalism.Among them, oil stands out.This hydrocarbon whose monopoly of access is in the hands of the Latin American States, upon entering the world market, generates absolute rent for its owner, at the same time that, given the existence of several producing countries with diverse geographical and fiscal chemical conditions, it generates also differential rents.For that reason, we start from the hypothesis that the existence of income in the extractive industries, have supported the primary-export structure, or agromining export, in Latin American countries, despite industrialization processes and other removals.different natures (political, social, economic).Thus, we have as our main objective to contribute to the understanding of the process(s) of appropriation of income from nonrenewable natural resources in Latin American economies.This effort also contributes to the strengthening and updating of the Marxist dependency theory, our most important theoretical framework.Among the most relevant results derived from the historical and descriptive study of the oil industries in Argentina, Brazil and Venezuela, was the observation that appropriation mechanisms are closely linked to the capacity of the States to establish contractual and fiscal regimes that favor the permanence and accumulation of the oil rents in national economies.The specific study of the Venezuelan oil industry also allowed us to glimpse the process of formation of a sui generis dependent economy: based on a rentier state capitalism, origin of the current internal crisis, and which prevents the overcoming of the dependency cycle.That is why we recommend the consolidation of strategies that strengthen the autonomous role of the State, and the separation of extractive business activities from tax collection, which will allow both the productive multiplication of the rents in the society, as well as within state companies.The need to develop future research focused on specific political units (states and municipalities) in Brazil and Argentina was identified to identify possible rentier economies, with phenomena similar to those observed in the Venezuelan economy

Appropriation · Capitalism · Economic growth · Economic rent · Economics · Economy · Humanities · Industrialisation · Latin Americans · Market economy · Marxist philosophy · Political science · Politics · Underdevelopment · Welfare economics · Economic Theory and Policy · Global Energy and Sustainability Research · Natural Resources and Economic Development · Philosophy

• El capitalismo dependiente latinoamericano.

  Vania Bambirra•El capitalismo dependiente…•1974

  Add to list