Niilismo

Estrada para a emancipação. O destino literário das personagens femininas russas na época das Grandes Reformas (1855-1866)

Bibliographic Data

ID5786009
AuthorsOdomiro Barreiro Fonseca Filho (corresponding author)
Year2017
Publication date2017-03-22
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeTHESIS
PublisherUniversidade de Sao Paulo, Agencia USP de Gestao da Informacao Academica (AGUIA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.11606/t.8.2017.tde-08062020-151026
OpenAlexW3040116010
LanguageEN
References cited25

This thesis aims to show how the social phenomenon of Russian Nihilism influenced the change of attitude of the female character during the period of the Great Reforms, which comprises the space between 1855 and 1866, at which time Tsar Alexander II remained open to Discussion of liberal guidelines.During the first half of the nineteenth century, woman was represented by male literature as a muse replete with fetish qualities desired by the writers themselves, such as beauty, fidelity, and resilience.Meanwhile, literature written by women was still taking its first steps, imitating the aesthetic models of "official literature", masculine.With the maturing of liberal debates and the political overture offered by the new tsar, the 1850s lived an intense dispute about the aesthetic's destinies which Russian Literature should follow in order to become an even more powerful instrument for the dissemination of Progressive ideas.Thus, the Women Question entered in the literary agenda with the emergence of a new Realism -more didactic and close to the popular language.Thereunto urged the presence of a new female character: emancipated, challenging and active.We will also discuss the evolution of this new literary type through the characters: Liôlienka, from the novel "The Boarding-School Girl" (1860), by the writer Nadezhda Khvoshchinskaya; and also Maria Schettína, from the novel "Hard Times" (1865), by Vasily Sleptsov.Our analysis will compare the mentioned works with other contemporary narratives with whom they dialogue, as the novels "On the Eve" (1860) and "Fathers and Sons" (1862), both by Ivan Turgenev, and "What Is To Be Done?" (1863), by Nikolai Chernyshevsky.In addition, the testimonial of Sofia Kovalevskaia, in the novel "Nihilist Girl" (1890), recalls fundamental aspects of the nihilist literature from the sixties.In a context in which literature and reality influenced each other, the construction of an image with political and esthetical appeal, was a necessity that influenced on national identity.The interpretations of this character agitated political opponents, and soon was created a negative version of the female model by the anti-nihilist writers, which had in Nikolai Leskov and Aleksei Píssemski their most engaged names.The construction of the nihilist female character reached a gigantic repercussion, becoming a Russian cultural symbol in the second half of the nineteenth century.The reinterpretations and deformations of the nihilist female model crossed the national borders and got the attention of many writers around the world because of the air of mystery and revolution that image evoked.Among them, the Irish writer Oscar Wilde and the Brazilian, Gonzaga Duque, whose contributions we will analyze in the last chapter of the thesis

Aesthetics · Art · Art history · Beauty · Humanities · Literature · Narrative · Political science · Politics · Realism · Gender, Sexuality, and Education · History · Law · Literature, Culture, and Criticism · Soviet and Russian History

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