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Active/Exploratory Training Promotes Transfer Even in Learners with Low Motivation and Cognitive Ability

Bibliographic Data

ID5822393
AuthorsNz Keith (0000-0003-3024-1297, Technische Universität Darmstadt), Nina Keith, Tobias Richter (0000-0002-0467-9044, University of Cologne), J Naumann (0000-0002-2625-9630, University of Cologne)
Year2009
Volume59
Issue1
Pages97-123
Publication date2009-12-18
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueApplied Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0269-994X • E-ISSN: 1464-0597
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1464-0597.2009.00417.x
OpenAlexW2055230182
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited46

Active training approaches encourage self-directed exploration, whereas guided training stresses direct instruction and external guidance during training. The present research investigated interactions of individual-difference variables-motivation and cognitive ability-and training approach on performance in tasks that are similar to training tasks (analogical transfer) and tasks that are novel and distinct from training tasks (adaptive transfer). In accordance with a resource allocation framework ( Kanfer & Ackerman, 1989 ), we expected effects of individual differences on transfer performance to be reduced after active/exploratory training compared with guided training, because participants of exploratory training engage in the same kind of metacognitive processing during training and transfer. Consequently, attentional demands are reduced during transfer, whereas for participants of guided training the transfer situation imposes high attentional demands. Experiment 1 ( N = 37) taught a word processing program and Experiment 2 ( N = 110) taught a presentation program using either active/exploratory or guided training. Consistent with previous research, training methods were equally effective for analogical transfer but active/exploratory training led to better adaptive transfer. In addition, interaction hypotheses were supported. Contrary to common recommendations, results suggest that active/exploratory training is suitable for promoting transfer even in learners with relatively low motivation and ability. La formation active stimule la recherche personnelle tandis que la formation dirigée accentue la transmission de directives et de conseils. Cette étude porte sur les interactions de variables relevant de différences individuelles (la motivation et les aptitudes cognitives) avec le type de formation sur la performance dans des tâches similaires aux tâches apprises (transfert analogique) et dans des tâches qui sont différentes de celles apprises (transfert adaptatif). A partir d'un modèle d'allocation de ressources (Kanfer & Ackerman, 1989), on s'attendait à ce que l'action des différences individuelles sur la performance suite au transfert soit atténuée à la suite d'une formation centrée sur l'exploration active, en comparaison de la formation dirigée, cela parce que les stagiaires bénéficiant d'une formation active font appel à la même catégorie de processus métacognitifs lors de la formation et du transfert. Par conséquent, une moindre attention est nécessaire durant le transfert, tandis que pour les stagiaires soumis à la formation dirigée, la situation de transfert exige une forte attention. La première expérience (N = 37) portait sur l'apprentissage d'un logiciel de traitement de textes et la deuxième sur l'apprentissage d'un logiciel de préparation d'un exposé utilisant soit une formation active, soit une formation dirigée. En accord avec les recherches antérieures, ces méthodes de formation sont d'une efficacité analogue en ce qui concerne le transfert analogique; mais la formation active permet un meilleur transfert adaptatif. De plus, les hypothèses sur les interactions ont été confirmées. A l'encontre des recommandations habituelles, nos résultats montrent que la formation active est favorable au transfert même quand les stagiaires présentent des aptitudes et des motivations relativement faibles

Exploratory research · Transfer of training · Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation · Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods · Psychological and Educational Research Studies

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Unique citing works7
Citations per year0.5
Citation span2012 - 2025 (14)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 7

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