The Conjunction and Disjunction Fallacies
Explanations of the Linda Problem by the Equate-to-Differentiate Model
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6071484 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Yong Lu (0000-0001-5226-5113, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 507-531 |
| Publication date | 2016-09-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1932-4502 • E-ISSN: 1936-3567 |
| Publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12124-015-9314-6 |
| PMID | 26077336 |
| OpenAlex | W620581087 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 63 |
We propose the use of the equate-to-differentiate model (Li, S. (2004), Equate-to-differentiate approach, Central European Journal of Operations Research, 12) to explain the occurrence of both the conjunction and disjunction fallacies. To test this model, we asked participants to judge the likelihood of two multi-statements and their four constituents in two modified versions of the Linda problem in two experiments. The overall results underpin this pragmatic model's inference and also reveal that (1) single conjunction and disjunction fallacies are most prevalent, (2) the incidence of the conjunction fallacy is proportional to the distance between the constituent probabilities, and (3) some participants misinterpreted A ∧ B either as ¬ A ∧ B or A ∨ B. The findings were generally consistent with the configural weighted average model (Nilsson, H., Winman, A., Juslin, P., & Hansson, G. (2009), Linda is not a bearded lady, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138) and the potential surprise conceptual framework (Fisk, J. E. (2002), Judgments under uncertainty, British Journal of Psychology, 93)
Cognitive psychology · Conjunction (astronomy · Econometrics · Epistemology · Fallacy · Inference · Surprise · Term (time · Test (biology · Computer Science · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics · Economic and Environmental Valuation · Mathematics · Multi-Criteria Decision Making · Philosophy · Psychology · Social Psychology · Artificial Intelligence
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Conflict between intuitive and rational processing
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Individual differences in intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking styles
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| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,6 |
| Citation span | 2021 - 2024 (4) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |