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Dømt til å mislykkes? USA og det afghanske statsbyggingsprosjektet, 2001–2021

Bibliographic Data

ID6072259
AuthorsKristian Berg Harpviken (corresponding author)
Year2022
Volume80
Issue2
Publication date2022-08-17
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternasjonal politikk (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1891-1757 • E-ISSN: 0020-577X
PublisherCappelen Damm AS - Cappelen Damm Akademisk (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.23865/intpol.v80.3959
OpenAlexW4292231018
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited18

Nesten to tiår etter den USA-ledete intervensjonen i Afghanistan, på tross av massiv innsats for å bygge en afghansk stat, så kollapset den afghanske regjeringsstrukturen i august 2021, og Taliban gjeninntok hovedstaden Kabul. Hvorfor mislyktes det internasjonale statsbyggingsprosjektet? Kunne ekstern statsbygging ha lykkes om tilnærmingen var en annen? Denne artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i nyere litteratur (David Lake, Melissa Lee, Roland Paris, Timothy Sisk) og gjør en analyse av hvordan dilemmaer i ekstern statsbygging manifesterte seg i Afghanistan henholdsvis på det politiske, militære og økonomiske området. Historisk har stabilitet i Afghanistan hvilt på en balanse mellom en svak sentralmakt og et betydelig rom for tradisjonelle samfunnsstrukturer. USA, som ekstern statsbygger, var opptatt av lojalitet fra en sterk sentralmakt, og underminerte derfor en maktfordeling som kunne gitt større grad av legitimitet. Resultatet ble en stat som var helt avhengig av ekstern støtte, og idet USA inngikk en avtale direkte med den væpnede opposisjonen, Taliban, så går den afghanske staten i oppløsning. Abstract in EnglishDoomed to Fail? The US and the Afghan State-building Project, 2001–2021Nearly two decades after the US-led intervention in Afghanistan, following a massive effort to build an Afghan state, the country’s government structure collapsed in August 2021, and the Taliban took control of the capitol Kabul. Why did international state-building fail? Could external state-building have been successful if the approach had been a different one? This article takes recent contributions to the literature on the dilemmas of external state-building as its point of departure (David Lake, Melissa Lee, Roland Paris, Timothy Sisk), and presents an analysis if how these dilemmas came to the fore in the political, military, and economic domains. Historically, Afghan stability have rested on a balance between a weak central authority, with considerable influence resting with traditional societal actors. The US, as an external state-builder, was concerned with loyalty from a strong central power, and thereby undermined the division of power that could otherwise have gained a higher degree of legitimacy. The result is a state which was fully dependent on external support, and as the US entered a treaty with the armed opposition, the Taliban, the Afghan state apparatus collapses

Afghan · Cartography · Geography · Humanities · Political science · State (computer science) · International Relations and Foreign Policy · Law · Peacebuilding and International Security · Philosophy · Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East

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    Open Access•Kristian Berg Harpviken•Conflict Security and Development•2025

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    Odd Arne Westad•The International History Review•1994

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    Open Access•Marshall M Lee, Melissa M Lee•Annual Review of Political Science•2022

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    Thomas Risse, Eric Stollenwerk•Annual Review of Political Science•2018

  • Missionaries of modernity. Advisory missions and the struggle for hegemony in Afghanistan and beyond

    Alex Marshall•Small Wars and Insurgencies•2017

  • The Fragmentation of Afghanistan

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  • Political Leadership Among Swat Pathans

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  • Learning From the Swat Pathans

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Unique citing works2
Citations per year0,67
Citation span2023 - 2025 (3)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

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