Dynamiques des modes de production et des ordres sociaux

Marx’s conceptualization of history emphasizes the succession of modes of production. However, the dynamics of productive forces and relations of production are continuous. Central to this analysis is the “socialization of production” and the rise of the managerial class. These trends require the adjustment of institutions, notably those in which the ownership of the means of production is expressed, an adjustment that is often implemented under the pressure of structural crises. The article illustrates these dynamics in the United States since the late nineteenth century, in particular in relation to the tripolar class patterns, capitalists, popular classes, and managerial class. What is involved is the gradual emergence of a new mode of production whose dominant class is intended to be the managerial class. A “social order” is a shorter period marked by the configuration of class dominations and alliances: the hegemony of capitalist classes during the first third of the twentieth century, the alliance between managers and popular classes after the Great Depression and World War II, and neoliberalism as a new hegemony of capitalists in alliance with managers. The approach in terms of social orders allows for the interpretation of the state as the institutional locus in which social orders are formed, rather than as the exclusive domination of a ruling class

Political Economy and Marxism · Philosophy

• False consciousness and political disenfranchisement

  Aniello Iannone, Budi Setiyono et al.•Labor History•2025

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