Contrastive and counterfactual reasoning in causal judgment
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6203831 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ann L Mcgill (0000-0002-9099-1367, Northwestern University, corresponding author), Jill G Klein (0000-0001-6297-5469) |
| Year | 1993 |
| Volume | 64 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 897-905 |
| Publication date | 1993-06-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037//0022-3514.64.6.897 |
| OpenAlex | W4233901344 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 12 |
| References cited | 13 |
The present research addressed differences in the use of covariation information implied by counterfactual reasoning, which focuses on the question «Would the event Y have occurred if the candidate X had not?» and contrastive reasoning, which involves comparing the target episode to contrasting background instances and noting distinctive features. Two experiments test hypotheses regarding the use of counterfactual and contrastive thinking under different conditions. Findings suggest that when no candidate has been identified, people are more likely to engage in contrastive thinking, but they may engage in counterfactual thinking when they are asked to evaluate a specific candidate
Causal model · Causal reasoning · Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Counterfactual conditional · Counterfactual thinking · Verbal reasoning · Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference · Child and Animal Learning Development · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics · Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics · Psychology · Social Psychology
Motivations for prevention or promotion following social exclusion
Relative use of necessity and sufficiency information in causal judgments about natural categories
Explanation in artificial intelligence
Inference and Imagination
On the different content of counterfactual and causal explanations
Human performance effects of combining counterfactual explanations with normative and contrastive explanations in supervised machine learning for automated decision assistance
Information seeking on Bayesian conditional probability problems
Counterfactual thinking and regulatory focus
Event Ecology, Causal Historical Analysis, and Human-Environment Research
Goal-based Explanations of Actions and Outcomes
Are goals or preconditions better explanations? It depends on the question
Thinking within the box
Knowledge-based causal attribution
Conjunctive explanations
The effect of direction of comparison on the selection of causal explanations
A probabilistic contrast model of causal induction
Constructing causal scenarios
Gender gaps
Conjunctive explanations
Context effects in judgments of causation
Causes and effects of causal attribution
Mental simulation of causality
Conversational processes and causal explanation
Judging probable cause
Counterfactual reasoning as a framework for attribution theories
| Unique citing works | 12 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,39 |
| Citation span | 1995 - 2026 (32) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 10 |