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Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions

Bibliographic Data

ID6203938
AuthorsJune P Tangney (0000-0002-9486-5026), Rowland S Miller, Laura Flicker, Deborah Hill Barlow
Year1996
Volume70
Issue6
Pages1256-1269
Publication date1996-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/0022-3514.70.6.1256
OpenAlexW4241650702
LanguageEN
Citations received336

Embarrassment · Shame · Emotions and Moral Behavior · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • How illuminating, clarifying and contextualising shame can transform healthcare

    William E Bynum, Luna Dolezal•Medical Humanities•2026

  • The true trigger of shame

    Open Access•Theresa E Robertson, D Sznycer et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2018

  • Regulatory adaptations for delivering information

    Open Access•D Sznycer, E Schniter et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2015

  • Pride and shame

    Open Access•Patrick K Durkee, Aaron W Lukaszewski et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2019

  • Common knowledge, coordination, and the logic of self-conscious emotions

    Open Access•Kyle A Thomas, Peter Descioli et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2018

  • Facing In-Group Immorality

    Open Access•Nicolay Gausel•Review of European Studies•2012

  • Social Construction and Evolutionary Perspectives on Gender Differences in Post-traumatic Distress

    Open Access•Roy Azoulay, Eva Gilboa-Schechtman•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • The Negative Effects of Physical Activity Calorie Equivalent Labels on Consumers’ Food Brand Evaluation

    Open Access•Xiaoke Yang, Meiling Hong et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Shame in Two Cultures

    Daniel M T Fessler•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2004

  • Chinese and Canadian Identity on Responses to the Experience of Shame and Guilt

    Open Access•Chang Su, Michaela Hynie•International Journal of Mental…•2020

  • Chinese and Canadian Identity on Responses to the Experience of Shame and Guilt

    Open Access•Chang Su, Michaela Hynie•International Journal of Mental…•2022

  • The remedial value of blushing in the context of transgressions and mishaps

    Corine Dijk, Peter J De Jong et al.•Emotion•2009

  • Comparing implications of distinct emotion, network, and dimensional approaches for co-occurring emotions

    Jacob Lange, Janis H Zickfeld•Emotion•2023

  • Romantic love and sexual desire in close relationships

    Gian C Gonzaga, Rebecca A Turner et al.•Emotion•2006

  • Relief in everyday life

    Agnieszka J Graham, Thelma Mccormack et al.•Emotion•2022

  • Anticipated guilt and going against one’s self-interest

    Xiaolu Zhang, Marcel Zeelenberg et al.•Emotion•2021

  • Adolescents’ and emerging adults’ reminisces about emotions in the context of disclosing, concealing, and lying to parents

    Open Access•Judith G Smetana, Cecilia Wainryb•Social Development•2021

  • From Harmful Acts to Helping Hands

    Open Access•Peixu He, Hanhui Zhou et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2025

  • Treating Depression in Men

    Open Access•Andrea K Wittenborn, Bonnie Culpepper et al.•Contemporary Family Therapy•2012

  • Influência de factores socioculturais e da dimensão independência-interdependência no foco da ansiedade social

    Open Access•José Paulo Mota•Psicologia•2014

  • Reinforcement and extinction of unethical pro-supervisor behavior

    Bo Fu, Jian Peng et al.•Acta Psychologica Sinica•2023

  • Unge norske muslimers refleksjoner rundt fenomenet ære

    Open Access•Levi Geir Eidhamar•Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift•2017

  • Group membership influences social control of perpetrators of uncivil behaviors

    Open Access•Armelle Nugier, Peggy Chekroun et al.•European Journal of Social…•2009

  • Concern for self‐image and social image in the management of moral failure

    Open Access•Nicolay Gausel, Colin Wayne Leach•European Journal of Social…•2011

  • The who and whom of help giving

    Open Access•Nadine Tscharaktschiew•European Journal of Social…•2016

  • The centrality of social image in social psychology

    Open Access•Patricia M Rodriguez Mosquera, Ayse K Uskul et al.•European Journal of Social…•2011

  • Thwarted belonging needs

    Open Access•Micah R Lattanner, Mark L Hatzenbuehler•Journal of Social Issues•2023

  • Self‐concealment, secrecy, and guilt

    Open Access•Christopher G Davis•Journal of Personality•2024

  • Mere Exposure

    Open Access•Tomi-Ann Roberts, Tomi‐Ann Roberts et al.•Sex Roles•2004

  • Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior

    June P Tangney, Jeff Stuewig et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•2006

  • Is It Adaptive or Maladaptive? Elaborating Conditional Role of Shame and Guilt in Development of Psychopathologies

    Open Access•Quratulain Taihara, Jamil A Malik•Psychological Studies•2016

  • Coping Styles for Trait Shame and Anxiety Intensity and Direction in Competitive Athletes

    Julie A Partridge•Psychological Reports•2008

  • Donate for your Secrets

    Open Access•Jiaxin Chen, Jinyun Duan et al.•Psychological Reports•2023

  • The Parents’ Self-Stigma Scale

    Open Access•Kim Eaton, Jeneva L Ohan et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2018

  • ‘I Thought “He’s a Monster”… [But] He Was Just… Normal’

    Mark Austin Walters•The British Journal of Criminology•2015

  • Emotion

    Open Access•Dacher Keltner, Jennifer S Lerner•Handbook of Social Psychology•2010

  • Selfconscious Emotions, Psychology of

    Open Access•June P Tangney•International Encyclopedia of the…•2015

  • Moral Character

    Christian Miller, Christian B Miller•Moral Character•2013

  • Anger and Guilt About Ingroup Advantage Explain the Willingness for Political Action

    Open Access•Colin Wayne Leach, Aarti Iyer et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2006

  • An Attributional Analysis of Reactions to Poverty

    Open Access•Bernard Weiner, Douglas Osborne et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2011

  • Guilty feelings and the guilt trip

    Open Access•L Baldassar•Emotion, space and society•2015

  • Appraisal Antecedents of Shame and Guilt

    Open Access•Jessica L Tracy, Richard W Robins•Personality and Social Psychology…•2006

  • Emotion, Social Function, and Psychopathology

    Open Access•Dacher Keltner, Ann M Kring•Review of General Psychology•1998

  • Social Functions of Emotions at Four Levels of Analysis

    Dacher Keltner, Jonathan Haidt•Cognition & Emotion•1999

  • The Relation of Child Maltreatment to Shame and Guilt Among Adolescents

    Open Access•Jeffrey Stuewig, Laura Ann Mccloskey•Child Maltreatment•2005

  • A Dynamic Model of Guilt

    Open Access•David M Amodio, Patricia G Devine et al.•Psychological Science•2007

  • Emotion, Regulation, and Moral Development

    Nancy Eisenberg•Annual Review of Psychology•2000

  • Shame closely tracks the threat of devaluation by others, even across cultures

    Open Access•D Sznycer, John Tooby et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2016

  • Conceptual and methodological issues in the assessment of shame and guilt

    Open Access•June P Tangney•Behaviour Research and Therapy•1996

  • Don’t Mind Meat? The Denial of Mind to Animals Used for Human Consumption

    Open Access•Brock Bastian, Steve Loughnan et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2012

  • The Psychology of Morality

    Open Access•Naomi Ellemers, Jojanneke Van Der Toorn et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2019

  • Differential Roles of Shame and Guilt in L2 Learning

    Open Access•Yasser Teimouri•Modern Language Journal•2018

  • Past, Present and Future Research on Multiple Identities

    Lakshmi Ramarajan•Academy of Management Annals•2014

  • Guilty conscience

    Open Access•Jonas H Rees, Jonas Rees et al.•Climatic Change•2015

  • Guilt and Shame

    Tae Hyun Baek, Sukki Yoon•Journal of Advertising•2017

  • Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion

    Open Access•Sylvia D Kreibig•Biological Psychology•2010

  • Moral sentiments and cooperation

    Ilona E De Hooge, Marcel Zeelenberg et al.•Cognition & Emotion•2007

  • Good and Guilt-Free

    Open Access•John Peloza, Katherine White et al.•Journal of Marketing•2013

  • The Psychology of Unforgiveness and Forgiveness and Implications for Clinical Practice

    Everett L Worthington, Nathaniel G Wade•Journal of Social and Clinical…•1999

  • Toward a comprehensive model of antisocial development

    Isabela Granic, Gerald R Patterson•Psychological Review•2006

  • The Social Distance Theory of Power

    Open Access•Joe C Magee, Pamela K Smith•Personality and Social Psychology…•2013

  • Mechanisms underlying weight status and healthcare avoidance in women

    Open Access•Janell L Mensinger, Tracy L Tylka et al.•Body Image•2018

  • The Approach and Avoidance Function of Guilt and Shame Emotions

    Open Access•Toni Schmader, Brian Lickel•Motivation and Emotion•2006

  • Girls Blush, Sometimes

    Open Access•Jennifer Manion, Jennifer C Manion•Hypatia•2003

  • Sibling constructs

    Open Access•Katherine M Lawson, Richard W Robins•2021

  • Laundry-on-Air

    Open Access•Yehonatan Abramson, Galia Press‐barnathan•Journal of Global Security Studies•2024

  • Social Worker Shame

    Matthew Gibson•The British Journal of Social Work•2014

  • Shame if you do – shame if you don't

    Open Access•Gill Thomson, Katherine Ebisch‐Burton et al.•Maternal and Child Nutrition•2014

  • Coping Styles for Trait Shame and Anxiety Intensity and Direction in Competitive Athletes

    Open Access•Julie A Partridge, Matthew S Wiggins•Psychological Reports•2008

  • Revisiting Guilt, Shame, and Remorse

    Open Access•Braj Bhushan, Sabnam Basu et al.•Psychological Studies•2020

  • Self-Conscious Emotions and Criminal Offending

    STEPHEN G TIBBETTS•Psychological Reports•2003

  • Making Sense of Self-Conscious Emotion

    Erin A Heerey, Dacher Keltner et al.•Emotion•2003

  • Children’s Proneness to Shame and Guilt Predict Risky and Illegal Behaviors in Young Adulthood

    Open Access•Jeffrey Stuewig, June P Tangney et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2014

  • Self-Conscious Emotions and Criminal Offending

    Open Access•STEPHEN G TIBBETTS•Psychological Reports•2003

  • Cultural Differences in Shame and Guilt as Understandable Reasons for Suicide

    Open Access•Marisa K Crowder, Markus Kemmelmeier•Psychological Reports•2017

  • The Negative Effects of Long Time Physical Activity Calorie Equivalent Labeling on Purchase Intention for Unhealthy Food

    Open Access•Yuanhao Huang, Xiaoke Yang et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • The Role of Shame in Women's Recovery from Alcoholism

    Shelly A Wiechelt, Esther Sales•Journal of Social Work Practice…•2001

  • Emotional Abilities in Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

    Open Access•Richard O’Kearney, Karen Salmon et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2016

  • Self-acceptance, Shame Withdrawal Tendencies and Resilience as Predictors of Locus of Control of Behavior

    Open Access•Adriana Kaplánová, Alexander Gregor•Psychological Studies•2021

  • Social distance of bystanders affects people’s embarrassment via changing fear of negative evaluation and feelings of attachment security

    Open Access•HongJuan Tang, Lin Li et al.•BMC Psychology•2023

  • Mediating Effects of Guilt and Shame on the Helping Behavior of People who Have Witnessed Ostracism

    Open Access•Kenta Tsumura•Psychological Reports•2024

  • Shame, self-disgust, and envy

    Open Access•Miriam Biermann, Anna Schulze et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2023

  • The Moderating Roles of Forgiveness and Blaming Others in the Relationship Between Shame-Proneness and Depression for Adults

    Open Access•Bonnie L McKinney, Louis Alvey et al.•Psychological Reports•2026

  • The Role of Social Self-compassion in Buffering Social Anxiety and Shame

    Open Access•Kati Lear, Christina Chwyl et al.•Mindfulness•2026

  • Feedback, feelings, and function

    Open Access•Sarah E Ryan, El Zahraa Majed et al.•Body Image•2026

  • Endometriosis and postdigital health practices

    Julia M Abraham, Rajasekaran V•Medical Humanities•2026

  • How bad do you feel about it? The parallel mediation role of guilt and shame in promoting prisoners’ intention to change

    Maria Campos-Rams, María Alonso-Ferres et al.•Psychology, Crime & Law•2026

  • Guilt and shame across cultures

    Open Access•Tae Hyun Baek, Yung Kyun Choi et al.•International Journal of…•2026

  • Além Das Explicações Causais

    Open Access•Roberta da Rocha Rosa, Loivo José Mallmann et al.•Psicologia e Saúde em Debate•2023

  • Face as a multidimensional construct

    Open Access•Yen‐ling Chen, Kuan‐ju Huang et al.•Asian Journal Of Social Psychology•2024

  • Booth Attractiveness

    Open Access•Jingya Wang, Yao-Chin Wang et al.•Journal of Hospitality & Tourism…•2023

  • Assessing Fear, Embarrassment, and Disgust in Colonoscopy

    Open Access•Wei Peng, Jocelyn McKinnon-Crowley et al.•Health Education & Behavior•2024

  • A scale of parent‐to‐child emotions

    Open Access•Ayako Hada, Yukiko Ohashi et al.•Family Process•2024

  • What role do negative self-conscious emotions play in UK medicine? A systematic review and qualitative synthesis of the evidence

    Open Access•Matthew Gibson, Matthew J Gibson et al.•SN Social Sciences•2026

  • First Peoples and Demographic Change in Australia

    Open Access•Ciprian N Radavoi•ab-Original•2020

  • Collaborative cheating and group confession

    Open Access•Sumit Sarkar•Cogent Social Sciences•2022

  • From active duty to activism

    Open Access•Adi Levy, M L Gro•Frontiers in Public Health•2024

  • Revealing the Relationship Between Organization-Targeted Counterproductive Work Behavior and Citizenship Behavior

    Open Access•Peixu He, Xinru Wu et al.•SAGE Open•2026

  • Psychological Selfishness

    Open Access•Ryan W Carlson, Chance Adkins et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2022

  • Examining University Men’s Psychobiological and Behavioral Response-Recovery Profile From a Social-Evaluative Body Image Threat

    Open Access•Aidan P J Smyth, Kimberley L Gammage et al.•American Journal of Men s Health•2020

Unique citing works336
Citations per year11,2
Citation span1996 - 2026 (31)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 308

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