Conditions for military control over foreign policy decisions in major states

The potential or actual use of force against other states is a key element in the conduct of foreign relations. In peace as well as in war military leaders tend to participate to a greater or lesser extent in the making of foreign policy decisions. On their own initiative or that of civilian leaders, the men whose professional task it is to provide for the maximal utilization of the military instrument by a country's authoritative leaders become involved in foreign policy-making on issues involving the threat or the application of external force for offensive or defensive purposes. On such occasions specific military preferences are injected into the decision-making process and, to the extent that they are realized in the

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