Mapping the drivers of negative campaigning
Insights from a candidate survey
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6298043 |
|---|---|
| Authors | J Maier (0000-0001-8301-5125, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany, corresponding author), Alessandro Nai (0000-0001-7303-2693, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 44 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 195-211 |
| Publication date | 2023-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Political Science Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0192-5121 • E-ISSN: 1460-373X |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0192512121994512 |
| OpenAlex | W3136875565 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 34 |
| References cited | 57 |
Which candidates are more likely to go negative, and under which conditions? We analyze self-reported survey data from candidates having run in the 2017 German federal election for the main parties. More specifically, we test a comprehensive set of factors supposed to drive the use of (a) negative campaigning in general, (b) policy attacks, and (c) character attacks. Our results show that for all three versions of negative campaigning the political profile of candidates is most important, followed by personality traits, perceived campaign dynamics, social profile, and available campaign resources. Within these categories, five factors are important across the board: members of the governing parties are less likely to attack, ‘extreme ideology’ of the candidate fuels the use of attack politics, candidates who believe that the media can persuade voters attack more often, disagreeable candidates tend to go negative, and male candidates are more likely to attack than females
Advertising · Big Five personality traits · Business · Geography · German · Ideology · Personality · Political science · Politics · Public relations · Set (abstract data type · Social media · Survey data collection · Test (biology · Computer Science · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Law · Populism, Right-Wing Movements · Psychology · Social Media and Politics · Social Psychology
Does Negativity Pay Off? The Impact of Political Party Attributes on the Use and Performance of Negative Campaigning in Digital Political Advertising
Do Politicians Knowingly Create Conflict to Gain Media Attention
Beyond a Negativity Bias
The dark side of the mood. Candidate evaluation, voter perceptions, and the driving role of (dark) personality traits
A Short Scale to Measure Self-Reported Aversive Personality in Political Elites
Unreliable and Invalid? Not So Fast
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“Liars” and “Frauds”
Two-stage classifier for detecting campaign negativity with axis embeddings in persian tweets
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The Decision to Go Negative
Who Are the “Dark” Politicians? Insights From Self-Reports of German State Parliament Candidates
The Role of Gender in Parliamentary Attacks and Incivility
The Negative Campaign on Telegram
Playing nice? A longitudinal analysis of gender differences in negative campaigning on social media
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Converging to the mean? Moderating ideologies of far-right and far-left parties in government
Gender, perceptions of benefits and costs, and negative campaigning. Evidence from German candidate surveys
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Is Negative Campaigning a Response to a Dynamic Polling Environment? Evidence from Facebook and Twitter Posts by German Party Leaders in the 2021 German Federal Election
Can term limits reduce political sabotage? Evidence from negative campaigning in gubernatorial races
Negative Campaigning and Vote Choice
Hardwired to attack. Candidates’ personality traits and negative campaigning in three European countries
Give the Media What They Need
Tailored negativity. Campaign consultants, candidate personality, and attack politics
Gendered Backlash Depends on the Context. Reassessing Negative Campaigning Sanctions Against Female Candidates via Large-Scale Comparative Data
Attacks and Issue Competition
Are candidates rational when it comes to negative campaigning? Empirical evidence from three German candidate surveys
Topical Negative Campaigning Under Spatial Pressure
Beyond rationality. Toward a more comprehensive understanding of the use of negative campaigning
Parties’ attack behaviour in parliaments
The Influence of the Negative Campaign on Facebook
Ênfase seletiva e interação estratégica
The Sage Handbook of Political Advertising
Spiral of Cynicism
Communication in Political Campaigns
Religious Priming
Personality and Transformational and Transactional Leadership
The Effects of Negative Comparative Political Advertising on Candidate Evaluations and Advertising Evaluations
Religiosity and prosocial behaviours in adolescence
Voter Responses to Negative Political Ads
Negative Campaigning
Mixed-Member Electoral Systems
Personality and Individual Differences
Personality and the Foundations of Political Behavior
Interpersonal Conflict, Agreeableness, and Personality Development
Roaring Candidates in the Spotlight
Measures of Campaign Negativity
Disagreeable narcissists, extroverted psychopaths, and elections
Fear and Loathing in Populist Campaigns? Comparing the Communication Style of Populists and Non-populists in Elections Worldwide
Going Pro? Political Campaign Consulting and the Professional Model
Local Political Context and Negative Campaigns
Why “Going Negative?” Strategic and Situational Determinants of Personal Attacks in Swiss Direct Democratic Votes
Candidate Character Traits in the 2012 Presidential Election
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The “Black Sheep Effect”
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Campaign Professionalism and Fundraising in Congressional Elections
The Consequences of Validated and Self-Reported Voting Measures
Rethinking the Concept of Negativity
Candidate Strategy and the Decision to Go Negative
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Party system change and negative campaigning in New Zealand
When do candidates attack in election campaigns? Exploring the determinants of negative candidate messages in German televised debates
Who will attack the competitors? How political parties resolve strategic and collective action dilemmas in negative campaigning
Attack politics from Albania to Zimbabwe
Going Negative, Worldwide
Beyond American negativity
When the Stakes Are High
The Making of Mavericks
The Big Five Personality Traits in the Political Arena
Competitive Positioning, Deracialization, and Attack Speech
The News Media and the Rise of Negativity in Presidential Campaigns
Campaign civility under preferential and plurality voting
A Directional Theory of Issue Voting
Theorizing Religious Effects Among American Adolescents
| Unique citing works | 34 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,8 |
| Citation span | 2021 - 2026 (6) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 34 |