Dispersing the Crowd
Bonus Plazas and the Creation of Public Space
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6403946 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Gregory Smithsimon (Barnard College, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2008 |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 325-351 |
| Publication date | 2008-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Urban Affairs Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1078-0874 • E-ISSN: 1552-8332 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1078087407306325 |
| OpenAlex | W2001081948 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 29 |
| References cited | 13 |
Research has found that most bonus plazas in front of Manhattan office buildings are barren, uninviting spaces. But there has been little study of why that is so. Existing explanations suggest unusable plazas are unintended consequences of other processes—architects' slavishly reproducing modernist architectural styles, or developers' minimizing costs by neglecting public spaces. Such explanations are found to be unsupported by the facts. This study of 291 Manhattan bonus plazas and the development process in New York—including site observations; analysis of newly available plaza data; and interviews of architects, planners, and building managers-reveals that spaces were intentionally made uninviting, and that developers acted to make the plazas inaccessible. Implications for the study and creation of public space are discussed
Architectural engineering · Business · Political science · Process (computing · Public space · Unintended consequences · Computer Science · Educational Environments and Student Outcomes · Engineering · Law · Place Attachment and Urban Studies · Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
Neo-liberal urban planning policies
The Privatization of Public Space
The Evolution of Privately Owned Public Spaces (Pops) in Melbourne
Co-production of privately owned public space
A history of New York City’s bonus incentive programme and the changing role of the planning department from 1961 to 2019
Urban sustainability via urban productivity? A conceptual review and framework proposal
How public are they? Privately owned public spaces in Shanghai, China
Whose space is privately owned public space? Exclusion, underuse and the lack of knowledge and awareness
Urban Quality in High-speed Train Station Area Redevelopment
Daily street life in the inner city of Prague under transformation
Parks for Profit
Fencing a Field
Citizen Oversight of Public Spaces
The birth of public space privatization
Young men of color in privately-owned public spaces
Public space as sentimental respite
Municipal management of residential collectively owned open space
The hidden boundaries of public space
The private sector and public space in Dutch city centres
Government-driven commodification of public space
Changing sense of place in privately owned public spaces during the pandemic
What Makes Public Space Public? The Chaos of Public Space Definitions and a New Epistemological Approach
Identifying consumerist privately owned public spaces
Defining a Public
Urban parks and urban problems
Street vending in the metropolis
The Involvement of Business Elites in the Management of Homelessness
Are They Well Situated? Spatial Analysis of Privately Owned Public Space, Manhattan, New York City
Quand le secteur privé s’empare du trottoir
| Unique citing works | 29 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,61 |
| Citation span | 2008 - 2026 (19) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 29 |