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Discrimination based on immigration status under the ECHR

Navigating between the factual versus the normative and the comparison-based versus the minimum-based treatment

Bibliographic Data

ID6429316
AuthorsVladislava Stoyanova (0000-0002-6958-1822, Lund University, corresponding author)
Year2025
Volume25
Issue2
Pages182-202
Publication date2025-04-17
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Discrimination and the Law (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1358-2291 • E-ISSN: 2047-9468
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/13582291251334540
OpenAlexW4410132952
LanguageEN
Citations received1

Immigration status as a ground of making distinctions that might be in violation of the right to non-discrimination, is conceptually underdeveloped. This gap is addressed by explaining how the European Court of Human Rights has chosen to use arguments shaped by factual and legal/normative elements to reason under Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights. One such argument concerns the usage of the ‘but for’ test for determining whether the basis for distinctions is immigration status. Another argument is that immigration status is a matter of choice. The role of legal and factual elements in the comparability stage of the anti-discrimination analysis is also explained and illustrated with reference to the two recent ECtHR judgments: M.T. and Others v Sweden that concerned family reunification and X and Others v Ireland that concerned child benefits

Immigration · Normative · Political science · Sociology · European and International Law Studies · European Criminal Justice and Data Protection · Law · Psychology

  • From Rantsev to the Present

    Open Access•Jelena Ristic•Balkan Social Science Review•2026

Unique citing works1
Citations per year1
Citation span2026 - 2026 (1)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

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