Schools, Professional

Professional schools play an important role in socialization and stratification processes in modern societies. The credential process for professions, whereby a person trains to become a legitimate practitioner, is currently dominated by universities. Universities established certification programs during the late 1800s, successfully outcompeting the guild‐based apprenticeships and mentorships of earlier centuries. Before World War II, most professional schools were located in elite private universities, which were accessible only to the wealthy, but enrollment in professional schools dramatically increased after World War II, shifting participation from an elite arena to one more accessible across social classes. Sociological researchers have explored the social and psychological effects of participation in professional schools, and sorting processes have been identified that influence the stratification of people from different classes, races, and genders as they seek to gain entrance and successfully complete professional school programs. Much of the research about professional schools has been conducted within specific professions, in the service of practitioners. Cross‐disciplinary studies investigating the connections between professional schools, professions, and larger social processes have been neglected

Apprenticeship · Certification · Credential · Elite · Geography · Pedagogy · Political science · Politics · Prestige · Professional development · Public relations · Social mobility · Social science · Social stratification · Socialization · Sociology · Law · School Choice and Performance · Sociology and Education Studies · Teacher Education and Leadership Studies

• The Rise of Professionalism

  Magali Sarfatti Larson•Rise of Professionalism•1977

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• The System of Professions

  Andrew Abbott•System of Professions•1988

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• The Student-Physician

  Robert Κ Merton, Patricia L Kendall et al.•Student-Physician•1957

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• Essays in Medical Sociology

  Michael L Radelet, Richard C Fox et al.•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1981

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• Chicago lawyers

  Open Access•SarahS Grace•Journal of Criminal Justice•1984

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• That's a Good Question!' Exploring Motivations for Law and Business School Choice

  Debra Schleef•Sociology of Education•2000

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• The Allocation of College Graduates to Graduate and Professional Schools

  Joe L Spaeth•Sociology of Education•1968

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• Institutional Arrangements and Stratification Processes in Industrial Societies

  Alan C Kerckhoff•Annual Review of Sociology•1995

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• Learning Collective Eminence

  Open Access•Robert Granfield, Thomas Koenig•Sociological Quarterly•1992

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• Educational Continuation by College Graduates

  Ross M Stolzenberg•American Journal of Sociology•1994

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• Status and Status Strain in the Professions

  Andrew Abbott•American Journal of Sociology•1981

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• Token Women

  Eve Spangler, Marsha A Gordon et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1978

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