The variability of competitive performance and pacing strategies in different rounds of the 400 m and 800 m freestyle swimming races at the 2017–2024 World Swimming Championships
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 7780683 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Junhui Fang, Yunpeng Li (0009-0003-6213-9905), Yan Cheng (0009-0000-2568-1365) |
| Year | 2024 |
| Volume | 6 |
| Pages | 1496878-1496878 |
| Publication date | 2024-10-30 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2624-9367 • E-ISSN: 2624-9367 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3389/fspor.2024.1496878 |
| PMID | 39539312 |
| OpenAlex | W4403913149 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 44 |
Introduction This study aims to analyze the competitive performance and pacing strategies (PS) of medalists and non-medalists in different rounds of the 400 m and 800 m freestyle at the World Swimming Championships. Method The 2017–2024 World Swimming Championships and 161 elite swimmers were selected. First, intra-athlete coefficients of variability (CVs) were evaluated using linear mixed effects modeling and changes in competitive performance (Δ); second, descriptive statistics of position lap time; finally, a computer algorithm was used to obtain PS, then a two-way ANOVA was performed. Result (i) The PS was effective in 87.5% of the swimmers in the finals compared to the heats (CVs > 0.5%), but 73.8% of the males and 86.8% of the females showed an improvement in performance prior to the finals (Δ < 0); (ii) Gold medalists had an average position no lower than the top 2 and established themselves in the top 3 positions more than 90% of the time, aiming to remain in the top 3 until the final 100 m if they were to win a medal; (iii) The female swimmers in 400 m were more in the heats utilize the inverted-J (race velocity change curve profile as inverted-J), men for the fast-start-even, in the final, female remain the inverted-J, men change to the U-shaped (race velocity change curve profile as U-shaped), and in the 800 m, the swimmers were unified adopt the U-shaped. Discussion The elite swimmers who qualified for the finals performed better in the heats and semifinals because their PS were more effective. Others, however, did not have a chance to reach the finals because their PS efficiency was lower, and their competitive performance improved less or even regressed
Aeronautics · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology · Engineering · Sports injuries and prevention · Sports Performance and Training
| Unique citing works | 1 |
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| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 1 |