General R.F. Rosen About the Avar Khanate

The article presents a comparative historiographic analysis of the information on the Avar Khanate, available in General R.F. Rosen’s work “Description of Chechnya and Dagestan”. The information relates to various problems of socio-economic position of the Khanate, its structure and administration, relations with the neighboring unions of rural communities, the size of the population and armed forces, the main branches of economy, location of villages and house constructions, natural and geographical conditions, roads running from flat Dagestan to the Khanate. Of particular interest is R.F. Rosen’s information on the political structure and administration of the Avar Khanate. Like a number of previous authors (S.M. Bronevsky, Chrysanth, F.P.Skalon and others), R.F.Rosen wrote that there was public administration in Avariya. The main feature in the description of the Khanate was an excessive exaggeration of shortcomings in the state and development of the Avar Khanate. R.F. Rosen saw only negatives in the way of life of the Khanate. He wrote about people’s insubordination to the khan, his dependence on the People’s Assembly, a small size of the population of the Khanate and its armed forces, bad horse cavalry, complete independence of neighboring societies from the khan, underdevelopment of arable farming, and a relatively poor development of sheep breeding. In his opinion, distant-pasture cattle tending was one of the reasons for poor development of sheep breeding in the Khanate as compared to that in other neighboring peoples. It can be assumed that R.F. Rosen described the Avar Khanate under a strong influence of the description of the Khanate given by F.P. Skalon a year before, who wrote about the similar disadvantages in the state of the Khanate. But no matter how and what R.F. Rosen wrote, his description is of great interest as it helps to provide further insight into the socio-economic and political situation of the Avar Khanate in the 1820-1830s. And it is very important as there are different opinions on the socio-economic development and administrative and political structure of the Avar Khanate, as the analyzed material shows

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