(Está/Es) Difícil
Variable Use of Ser and Estar by Heritage Learners of Spanish
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 7903845 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Jamelyn Wheeler (0009-0003-7258-2476, Indiana University Bloomington, corresponding author), Matthew Pollock (0000-0002-5350-5147, Louisiana State University in Shreveport, corresponding author), Manuel Díaz-Campos, Manuel Díaz‐campo (0000-0002-5527-9323, Indiana University Bloomington) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 271 |
| Publication date | 2023-11-18 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Languages (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2226-471X • E-ISSN: 2226-471X |
| Publisher | MDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT) |
| DOI | 10.3390/languages8040271 |
| OpenAlex | W4388792898 |
| Language | ES |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 26 |
The current study examines variation in copula selection in Spanish by looking at the written productions of three groups of language learners in the United States, including heritage learners, those with English as an L1, and international students with English as an L2. Research on copula variation in Spanish has pinpointed several key linguistic and social factors that influence selection; this study aims to apply these findings to heritage learners in order to determine how their acquisition differs from that of non-native language learners. This analysis used the COWS-L2H corpus of Spanish from the University of California, Davis. Examining over 8000 tokens of [adjective + copula] constructions in variable contexts where both ser and estar were used, the study tracks how linguistic and extralinguistic factors condition copula selection within the three learner groups and how these results compare to previous findings. Seven factors were predictive of copula selection: resultant state, frame of reference, adjective class, experience with study abroad, essay prompt, student age, and course level. Heritage learner copula use was found to be governed by a different set of predictors than that of learners, hinting at the variable motivations and backgrounds that influence use and reflect the identity goals of these speakers
Adjective · Copula (linguistics · Heritage language · Linguistics · Noun · Pedagogy · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Multilingual Education and Policy · Phonetics and Phonology Research · Psychology
The Acquisition of Heritage Languages
Language Contact and Change
Bilingual Language Acquisition
The Cambridge Handbook of Heritage Languages and Linguistics
Incomplete Acquisition in Bilingualism
Grammatical gender selection and phrasal word order in child heritage Spanish
Manual of Grammatical Interfaces in Romance
Grammatical ChangeOrigins, Nature, Outcomes
Sociolinguistic Competence and Interpreting Variable Structures in a Second Language
What’s so incomplete about incomplete acquisition
Copula use in the Spanish of Venezuela
Getting off the GoldVarb Standard
Second Language Acquisition of Variable Structures in Spanish by Portuguese Speakers
Ser o estar? La variación lingüística y social de estar más adjetivo en el español de Cuernavaca, México
Copulas ser and estar production in child and adult heritage speakers of Spanish
The semantics and pragmatics of the Spanish construction
A Comparison of Copula Choice
Bilingualism and Language Change
| Citations per year | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |