Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Measuring the Rate of Spread of Early Farming in Europe

Bibliographic Data

ID7916709
AuthorsA J Ammerman (0000-0002-9255-6078), L L Cavalli-Sforza
Year1971
Volume6
Issue4
Pages674
Publication date1971-12-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueMan (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0025-1496 • E-ISSN: 2397-2548
PublisherJSTOR (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2307/2799190
OpenAlexW1595389491
LanguageEN
Citations received162
References cited4

A large body of information on early farming in Europe and the Near East has accumulated during the last twenty years of prehistoric research. The economies of most early farming settlements in Europe are characterised by the use of various domesticated species (wheat, barley, sheep, cattle and pig) combined with the exploitation of wild plants and animals. The view generally held sees early farming of the type practised in Europe as having originated in the Near East (Ucko & Dimbleby I969). Thence it appears to have spread first to Greece and the Balkans and subsequently over the rest of Europe (Clark 1965; Neustupny 1968). The extension of early farming across Europe is a subject of interest to a number of disciplines ranging from prehistory and palaeoecology to genetics. In this article, we concentrate on one aspect of the question: the measurement of the rate of spread or diffusion. A previous attempt to measure 'neolithic diffusion rates' was made by Edmonson (I96I). This pioneer study is unsatisfactory in a number of ways: notably in the method of measurement and in the assumption that what was being measured was a rate of cultural or stimulus diffusion

Agriculture · Archaeology · Business · Geography · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

  • The Climate and Landscape of the Middle Part of the Weichselian Glaciation in Europe

    Open Access•Tjeerd H Van Andel•Quaternary Research•2002

  • Falta de concienciación o desconocimiento? La transparencia y la reproducibilidad en la Arqueología Computacional

    Open Access•Salvador Pardo-Gordó, Alfredo Cortell-Nicolau•Vegueta Anuario de la Facultad de…•2023

  • Epipaleolíticos y neolíticos

    Open Access•Bernat Mart Oliver, Joaquim Juan-Cabanilles•Espacio Tiempo y Forma Serie I…•1997

  • Synopse populační genetiky evropského pravěku

    Open Access•Viktor Černý, Zuzana Hofmanová et al.•Archeologické rozhledy•2017

  • Demographic Transitions

    Open Access•Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel, Jean‐pierre Bocquet‐appel•Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology•2020

  • Cultural Evolution

    Open Access•Laurel Fogarty, Marcus W Feldman•International Encyclopedia of the…•2015

  • What the Book Is Dealing With

    Open Access•Armin Bunde, Jürgen Caro et al.•Diffusive Spreading in Nature,…•2018

  • Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe

    Open Access•Ron Pinhasi, J Fort et al.•PLOS Biology•2005

  • Holocene Isochrone Maps and Patterns of Tree-Spreading in the British Isles

    H J B Birks•Journal of Biogeography•1989

  • When the World’s Population Took Off

    Open Access•Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel, Jean‐pierre Bocquet‐appel•Science•2011

  • Regional population collapse followed initial agriculture booms in mid-Holocene Europe

    Open Access•Shennan, Stephen Shennan et al.•Nature Communications•2013

  • The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe

    Open Access•Jed O Kaplan, Kristen M Krumhardt et al.•Quaternary Science Reviews•2009

  • Resolution and the detection of cultural dispersals

    Open Access•Philip Riris, Fábio Silva et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2021

  • Maritime networks as a vector for early farming/language dispersals

    Open Access•M Hudson, Junzo Uchiyama et al.•Quaternary Environments and Humans•2025

  • Withdrawn

    Open Access•Søren Wichmann•Quaternary Environments and Humans•2025

  • The long-term decline in terms of trade and the neolithisation of Northern Europe

    Serge Svizzero•Scandinavian Economic History…•2015

  • Population, Culture History, and the Dynamics of Culture Change

    Shennan, Stephen Shennan•Current Anthropology•2000

  • Migration of Homo Sapiens Out of Africa

    P Nick Kardulias•Climate Changes in the Holocene•2018

  • L'approche archéologique des migrations

    Open Access•Alain Gallay•Vers un ailleurs prometteur•1993

  • The Historical Ecology of Colonialism and Violence in Hokkaido, Sakhalin, and the Kuril Islands, AD 1200–1900

    Open Access•M Hudson, Mark James Hudson•Handbook of East and Southeast…•2017

  • Paths and Rhythms in the Spread of Agriculture in the Western Mediterranean

    Open Access•Juan José Ibáñez-Estévez, Juan Francisco Gibaja Bao et al.•Times of Neolithic Transition…•2017

  • Modeling Spatial Innovation Diffusion from Radiocarbon Dates and Regression Residuals

    Fábio Silva, James Steele et al.•Radiocarbon•2014

  • Millets, dogs, pigs and permanent settlement

    Open Access•Craig Stevens, Yijie Zhuang et al.•Evolutionary Human Sciences•2024

  • Early seventh-millennium AMS dates from domestic seeds in the Initial Neolithic at Franchthi Cave (Argolid, Greece)

    Open Access•Catherine Perlès, Anita Quiles et al.•Antiquity•2013

  • Early Neolithic agriculture in Southwest Asia and Europe

    Open Access•Sue Colledge, James Conolly•Archaeology International•2012

  • Climatic Fluctuations and the Diffusion of Agriculture

    Quamrul H Ashraf, Quamrul Ashraf et al.•The Review of Economics and…•2015

  • An Analysis of the ABO Gene Frequency Cline in Japan

    Open Access•Kenichi Aoki, Keiichi Omoto•The Journal of Anthropological…•1980

  • Cultural group selection, coevolutionary processes and large-scale cooperation

    Open Access•J Henrich•Journal of Economic Behavior &…•2003

  • Persistent Controversies about the Neolithic Revolution

    Open Access•Serge Svizzero•Journal of Historical Archaeology…•2017

  • Impact of ecology, subsistence, and climate on language spread rates

    Open Access•Søren Wichmann•Quaternary Environments and Humans•2026

  • Settlement patterns, soils and agriculture in the early Neolithic (ca. 5600–4500 cal BC) of Southern Iberia

    Open Access•Juan Antonio Fernández-Morales, Daniel García-Rivero•Journal of Archaeological Science…•2026

  • Expansion, extension, or retreating? A meta-archaeobotany approach to patterns in crop dispersal

    Open Access•D Q Fuller•Vegetation History and…•2026

  • An Icar spatial model to reconstruct regional geographic variations in arrival times

    Open Access•Alexes K Mes, Enrico R Crema•Journal of Archaeological Science•2026

  • L’hypothèse de l’acculturation dans le processus de néolithisation

    Open Access•Thomas Perrin•Préhistoires méditerranéennes/Préhi…•2018

  • The Economics of Cultural Transmission and Socialization

    Alberto Bisin, Thierry Verdier•National Bureau of Economic…•2010

  • Early Neolithic population dynamics in the Eastern Balkans and the Great Hungarian Plain

    Open Access•Tamara Blagojević, Marko Porčić et al.•Documenta Praehistorica•2017

  • Genomics at the origins of agriculture, part two

    Open Access•George J Armelagos, Kristin N Harper•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2005

  • Cultural macroevolution and the transmission of traits

    Open Access•M B Mulder, C L Nunn et al.•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2006

  • Genomics at the origins of agriculture, part one

    Open Access•George J Armelagos, Kristin N Harper•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2005

  • An intergenerational transmission model for the cultural evolution of helping behavior

    Open Access•John H Werren, H Ronald Pulliam•Human Ecology•1981

  • Reconstructing Prehistoric Population Movements

    Ruth Gruhn•Reviews in Anthropology•2006

  • Up on the prehistoric farm

    Ezra B W Zubrow•Reviews in Anthropology•1986

  • A new model for the spread of the first farmers in Europe

    Open Access•Ron Pinhasi•Documenta Praehistorica•2003

  • Gene-flows and social processes

    Open Access•Julian Thomas•Documenta Praehistorica•2006

  • A Pan-European model of the Neolithic

    Open Access•Kate Davison, Pavel M Dolukhanov et al.•Documenta Praehistorica•2007

  • The "when", the "where" and the "why" of the Neolithic revolution in the Levant

    Open Access•Avi Gopher, Shahal Abbo et al.•Documenta Praehistorica•2001

  • Clash of cultures? Archaeology and genetics

    Open Access•Mark Pluciennik•Documenta Praehistorica•2006

  • Rethinking Neolithic Societies. New Perspectives on Social Relations, Political Organization and Cohabitation

    Martin Furholt, Caroline Heitz et al.•Rethinking Neolithic Societies•2023

  • Geography is not destiny

    Open Access•Angela M Chira, Russell D Gray et al.•Evolutionary Human Sciences•2024

  • Continuation of hunter-gatherer weaning practices in middle/late Neolithic Latvia

    Open Access•Anna Batraga, Gunita Zariņa et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science…•2025

  • The population history of Central Europe in the Early Bronze Age (2200/2100–1600/1500 BC) - a craniometric approach

    Open Access•Tamás Szeniczey, Eszter Melis et al.•Archaeological and Anthropological…•2025

  • Gene Frequency Clines in Europe

    Alan G Fix•Journal of the Royal Anthropologica…•1996

  • Mobility and Social Change

    Open Access•Martin Furholt•Journal of Archaeological Research•2021

  • Did foragers adopt farming? A perspective from the margins of the Tibetan Plateau

    Open Access•J D''Alpoim Guedes•Quaternary International•2018

  • Approaching the demography of late prehistoric Iberia through summed calibrated date probability distributions (7000–2000 cal BC)

    Open Access•Verónica Balsera, Pedro Díaz-Del-Río et al.•Quaternary International•2015

  • Late Quaternary sea-level changes and early human societies in the central and eastern Mediterranean Basin

    Open Access•J Benjamin, Alessio Rovere et al.•Quaternary International•2017

  • Neolithic economy in central Europe

    Open Access•Sarunas Milisauska, Janusz Kruk•Journal of World Prehistory•1989

  • Early Balkan Metallurgy

    Open Access•Miljana Radivojević, Benjamin W Roberts•Journal of World Prehistory•2021

  • Breaking the Bond

    Open Access•Bleda S Dürıng•Journal of World Prehistory•2013

  • Sistemas complejos adaptativos y simulación computacional en Arqueología

    Open Access•Salvador Pardo-Gordó•Trabajos de Prehistoria•2017

  • Postglacial hunter-gatherers and vegetational history in Scotland

    Kevin J Edwards, Ian Ralston•Proceedings of the Society of…•1985

  • Circumstance not context

    Ian Kinnes•Proceedings of the Society of…•1987

  • Island archaeology in the Mediterranean

    J D Evans•World Archaeology•1977

  • Inventing the Neolithic? Putting evidence-based interpretation back into the study of faunal remains from causewayed enclosures

    Pip C R Parmenter, Emily V Johnson et al.•World Archaeology•2015

  • People and plant entanglements at the dawn of agricultural practice in Greece. An analysis of the Mesolithic and early Neolithic archaeobotanical remains

    Open Access•Georgia Kotzamani, A Livarda•Quaternary International•2018

  • Multiple sources of the European Neolithic

    Open Access•K Davison, P M Dolukhanov et al.•Quaternary International•2009

  • Towards a theoretical framework for analyzing integrated socio-environmental systems

    Open Access•Thomas Widlok, Anne Aufgebauer et al.•Quaternary International•2012

  • The emergence of the Neolithic in North Africa

    Open Access•Simone Mulazzani, Lotfi Belhouchet et al.•Quaternary International•2016

  • A contextualised review of genomic evidence for gene flow events between Papuans and Indigenous Australians in Cape York, Queensland

    Open Access•Sally Wasef, G D Wrobel et al.•Quaternary International•2021

  • The emergence and transmission of early pottery in the Late-Glacial Japan

    Open Access•Yuichi Nakazawa, Masaki Naganuma et al.•Quaternary International•2022

  • The 8200calBP abrupt environmental change and the Neolithic transition

    Open Access•Jean-François Berger, Jean Guilaine•Quaternary International•2009

  • Neolithisation process within the Alboran territory

    Open Access•Jörg Linstädter, Ines Medved et al.•Quaternary International•2012

  • Harvesting tools and the spread of the Neolithic into the Central-Western Mediterranean area

    Open Access•Niccolò Mazzucco, Giacomo Capuzzo et al.•Quaternary International•2018

  • The timing and tempo of the Neolithic expansion across the Central Balkans in the light of the new radiocarbon evidence

    Open Access•Marko Porčić, Tamara Blagojević et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science…•2020

  • New Kids on the Block? ” Reappraising Pottery Styles, aDNA, and Chronology from Western Iberia Early Neolithic

    Open Access•Mariana Diniz•Open Archaeology•2021

  • Neolithisation in the Northern French Alps

    Open Access•Marc-André Dallaire•Open Archaeology•2022

  • The transition to farming in northeast China

    Peter Weiming Jia, Peter Jia•Hunter Gatherer Research•2008

  • The origins of agriculture in Iberia

    Open Access•Salvador Pardo-Gordó, Salvador Pardo Gordò et al.•Documenta Praehistorica•2015

  • Re-thinking the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in the Iberian peninsula

    Open Access•Luiz Oosterbeek•Documenta Praehistorica•2001

  • Understanding the local dynamics

    Open Access•Tamara Blagojević•Documenta Praehistorica•2023

  • Neolithisation of the Aegean and Southeast Europe during the 6600–6000 calBC period of Rapid Climate Change

    Open Access•Bernhard Weninger, Lee Clare et al.•Documenta Praehistorica•2014

  • Neolithic skull shapes and demic diffusion

    Open Access•Ron Pinhasi•Documenta Praehistorica•2006

  • Farmers’ spatial behaviour, demographic density dependence and the spread of Neolithic agriculture in Central Europe

    Open Access•Serge Svizzero•Documenta Praehistorica•2015

  • Demographic Continuities and Discontinuities in Neolithic Europe

    Open Access•Shennan•Journal of Archaeological Method…•2012

  • Process and Dynamics of Mediterranean Neolithization (7000–5500 bc)

    Open Access•Thomas P Leppard•Journal of Archaeological Research•2021

  • Tendencies in the Tempo of Prehistoric Agricultural Expansions

    Open Access•J Fort•Journal of Archaeological Research•2025

  • Holocene vegetation, fire and land use dynamics at Lake Svityaz, an agriculturally marginal site in northwestern Ukraine

    Open Access•Christoph Schwörer, Erika Gobet et al.•Vegetation History and…•2021

  • Yield stability

    Open Access•Shahal Abbo, Simcha Lev-Yadun et al.•Vegetation History and…•2010

  • Years of interactions between climate, vegetation and land use in Northern Greece

    Open Access•Sylvia Gassner, Erika Gobet et al.•Vegetation History and…•2019

  • Geographic distribution of human skin colour

    Open Access•Peter Frost•Human Evolution•1994

  • Population geography

    Open Access•Alan Nash•Progress in Human Geography•1996

  • Towards a Theory of Cultural Evolution

    Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Marcus W Feldman•Interdisciplinary Science Reviews•1978

  • The oldest agriculture in northern Atlantic Spain

    Open Access•Leonor Peña‐chocarro, Lydia Zapata et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2005

  • New methods for reconstructing geographical effects on dispersal rates and routes from large-scale radiocarbon databases

    Open Access•Fábio Silva, James Steele•Journal of Archaeological Science•2014

  • On the sensitivity of the simulated European Neolithic transition to climate extremes

    Open Access•Carsten Lemmen, Kai Wirtz et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2012

  • A simulation of the Neolithic transition in Western Eurasia

    Open Access•Carsten Lemmen, D Gronenborn et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2011

  • Understanding the rates of expansion of the farming system in Europe

    Open Access•Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel, Jean‐pierre Bocquet‐appel et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2011

  • Reconstructing regional population fluctuations in the European Neolithic using radiocarbon dates

    Open Access•Adrian Timpson, Sue Colledge et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2014

  • A stable isotope perspective on archaeological agricultural variability and Neolithic experimentation in India

    Open Access•Ayushi Nayak, Kishor K Basa et al.•Journal of Archaeological Science•2022

  • Long-distance dispersal effects and Neolithic waves of advance

    Open Access•J Fort, Maria Mercè Pareta•Journal of Archaeological Science•2020

  • The progenitors of wheat and barley in relation to domestication and agricultural dispersal in the Old World

    Daniel Zohary•Domestication and Exploitation of…•2017

  • Radiocarbon dating and the expansion of farming culture from the Near East over Europe

    Open Access•J G D Clark, Junebug Clark•Proceedings of the Prehistoric…•1965

  • The Origins of Agriculture

    Open Access•Eric Higgs, E S Higgs et al.•Antiquity•1969

  • A New Epoch in Radiocarbon Dating

    Open Access•Evzen Neustupny•Antiquity•1970

Unique citing works162
Citations per year3
Citation span1972 - 2026 (55)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 158

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae