Nationalism and National Movements

Comparing the Past and the Present of Central and Eastern Europe

Datos Bibliográficos

ID7931201
AutoresMiroslav Hroch (autor de correspondencia)
Año1996
Volumen2
Número1
Páginas35-44
Fecha de publicación1996-03-01
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaNations and Nationalism (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 1345-5078 • E-ISSN: 1469-8129
EditorialWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00035.x
OpenAlexW1978696574
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas17

This article compares the ‘new nationalism’ in post‐communist countries since the 1980s with the ‘classical’ national movements o the nineteenth century. Looking for analogies and differences between these two processes, it seeks to achieve a better understanding and more profound interpretation of contemporary ‘nationalism’. Most important analogies are: both national movements emerged as a result of (and as an answer to) the crisis and disintegration of an old regime and its value system; in both cases we observe a low level of political experience among the population, the stereotype of a personalised nation, and of a defensive position. Similarly both movements define their national border by both ethnic and historical borders: in both cases, the nationally relevant conflict of interests plays a decisive role. Among the differences are: the extremely high level of social communication in the twentieth‐century movements, combined with a ‘vacuum at the top’ (the need for new elites) and with deep economic depression. The ‘contemporary’ national movements fought for the political rights of undoubtedly pre‐existing nations (above all, for full independence), while the ‘classical’ ones fought for the concept of a nation‐to‐be, whose existence was not generally accepted. Nevertheless, in both cases, similar specifics of the nation‐forming process under conditions of a ‘small nation’ can be observed. The author does not view nationalism as a ‘disease’ or external force: but rather as an answer given by some members of the nation to new challenges and unexpected conflicts of interests, which could be interpreted as national ones

Communism · Independence (probability theory · Interpretation (philosophy · National identity · National Question · Nationalism · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Population · Sociology · Eastern European Communism and Reforms · Law