The profit rate
Where and how much did it fall? Did it recover? (USA 1948?2000)
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8049648 |
|---|---|
| Authors | G Dumenil (0000-0001-9174-9110, Université Paris Nanterre, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2002 |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 437-461 |
| Publication date | 2002-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Review of Radical Political Economics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0486-6134 • E-ISSN: 1552-8502 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1016/s0486-6134(02)00178-x |
| OpenAlex | W2092670537 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 23 |
| References cited | 4 |
La baisse du taux de profit depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale est maintenant un phénomène largement reconnu, et l’existence d’une nouvelle tendance à la hausse est désormais identificé. Cette étude propose de nouvelles estimations du taux de profit dans une définition proche de celle utilisée par Marx au livre III du Capital, où les profits correspondent à la plus-value totale, et une définition plus proche de la pratique des entreprises, prenant en compte les intérêts, les impôts et les stocks. On montre que les taux de profit d’un sous-ensemble de branches (comme les Chemins de fer), dont le rapport capital-travail est particulièrement élevé et qu’on nomme branches hautement capitalistiques, sont tout à fait différents de ceux des autres branches, tant en niveau qu’en tendance (leur taux de profit est très bas et n’a pas baissé). La baisse du taux de profit et sa remontée partielle peuvent être plus clairement saisies, lorsque ces branches sont éliminées. Au total, entre 1948 et 1982, le taux de profit fut divisé par un coefficient compris entre 2 et 7, selon les secteurs et les définitions du taux de profit considérés. En 2000, le taux profit n’a encore retrouvé que la moitié de sa valeur de 1948. On montre enfin que la baisse de la productivité du capital fut le principal facteur de la chute du taux de profit, bien que la baisse de la part des profits ait également contribué à cette évolution. The decline of the profit rate since World War II, up to the early 1980s, is now widely acknowledged, and a new upward trend has been identified. This study presents new computations of profit rates using a definition like that used by Marx in Volume III of Capital, where profits correspond to total surplus-value, as well as a definition of the rate of profit that impacts individual firms, taking account of interest, taxes, and inventories. We show that both the level and trend of a specific group of industries (such as Railroads), called Highly Capital Intensive Industries, whose capital–labor ratio is very large, are totally different from that of other industries. (Their profit rate is very low and did not decline.) When these industries are removed from the data set, the downward trend of the profit rate and the limited recovery can be more clearly observed. Overall, between 1948 and 1982, the profit rate was divided by a coefficient ranging between 2 and 7, depending on the sector and definition of the profit rate. The profit rate in 2000 is still only half of its value in 1948. Finally, we show that the decline of the productivity of capital was the main factor in the fall of the profit rate, though the decline of the share of profits also contributed to this evolution
Profit rate · Rate of profit · Economic Theory and Institutions · Economic Theory and Policy · Political Economy and Marxism
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| Unique citing works | 23 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,1 |
| Citation span | 2005 - 2026 (22) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 21 |