Syndemic Framework Evaluation of Severe Covid-19 Outcomes in the United States
Factors Associated With Race and Ethnicity
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8112053 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Christopher Williams (0000-0001-6036-5157, corresponding author), Sten H Vermund (0000-0001-7289-8698) |
| Year | 2021 |
| Volume | 9 |
| Publication date | 2021-09-20 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Frontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpubh.2021.720264 |
| OpenAlex | W3199969707 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
| References cited | 35 |
Socially and economically disadvantaged racial and ethnic minorities have experienced comparatively severe clinical outcomes from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. Disparities in health outcomes arise from a myriad of synergistic biomedical and societal factors. Syndemic theory provides a useful framework for examining COVID-19 and other diseases that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Syndemic models ground research inquiries beyond individual clinical data to include non-biological community-based drivers of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and severity of disease. Given the importance of such economic, environmental, and sociopolitical drivers in COVID-19, our aim in this Perspective is to examine entrenched racial and ethnic health inequalities and the magnitude of associated disease burdens, economic disenfranchisement, healthcare barriers, and hostile sociopolitical contexts—all salient syndemic factors brought into focus by the pandemic. Systemic racism persists within long-term care, health financing, and clinical care environments. We present proximal and distal public policy strategies that may mitigate the impact of this and future pandemics
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 · Disadvantaged · Disease · Economic growth · Economics · Environmental health · Ethnic group · Health care · Health equity · Inequality · Infectious disease (medical specialty · Pandemic · Political science · Public health · Race (biology · Racism · Social inequality · Sociology · Syndemic · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Nursing · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
The Covid-19, racism, and violence syndemic
Covid-19 Pandemic Impact on United States Intimate Partner Violence Organizations
Examining the Relationship between Anti-Black Racism, Community and Police Violence, and Covid-19 Vaccination
Reconsidering Community-Engaged Research Through a Syndemic Theoretical Framework
Syndemic interactions of chronic pain, mental health problems, and opioid misuse and their association with academic performance and quality of life among college students
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Religious Coping, and Congregational Support among Black Clergy and Religious Leaders
Psychosocial impact of Covid-19
Hospitalization and Mortality among Black Patients and White Patients with Covid-19
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Quality of Health Care
The Disproportionate Impact of Covid-19 on Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States
Covid-19 and African Americans
Disparities In Outcomes Among Covid-19 Patients In A Large Health Care System In California
Differential occupational risk for Covid‐19 and other infection exposure according to race and ethnicity
Association of Exposure to Police Violence With Prevalence of Mental Health Symptoms Among Urban Residents in the United States
Assessing differential impacts of Covid-19 on black communities
The Burden of Covid-19 in People Living with HIV
A Pandemic on a Pandemic
Structural racism and health inequities in the USA
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on marginalized populations in the United States
Are Clinicians Contributing to Excess African American Covid-19 Deaths? Unbeknownst to Them, They May Be
Systemic racism, chronic health inequities, and Covid ‐19
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Covid-19 Outcomes
Aids and the health crisis of the U.S. urban poor; the perspective of critical medical anthropology
Weathering” and Age Patterns of Allostatic Load Scores Among Blacks and Whites in the United States
Accurate Statistics on Covid-19 Are Essential for Policy Guidance and Decisions
Risk of Police-Involved Death by Race/Ethnicity and Place, United States, 2012–2018
Pervasive Discrimination and Allostatic Load in African American and White Adults
Police Brutality and Mistrust in Medical Institutions
| Citations per year | 1.5 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2022 - 2025 (4) |
| Highly cited | No |