Level I and Level II Abilities in Three Ethnic Groups
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8224004 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Arthur R Jensen (University of California, Berkeley, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1973 |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 263-276 |
| Publication date | 1973-11-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Educational Research Journal (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-8312 • E-ISSN: 1935-1011 |
| Publisher | American Educational Research Association (AERA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.3102/00028312010004263 |
| OpenAlex | W2160646495, W4250519828 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 7 |
| References cited | 10 |
A large battery of various tests of intelligence, scholastic achievement, and short-term memory was administered to some 2,000 white, Negro and Mexican-American pupils in grades, 4,5, and 6 in a largely agricultural school district in the central valley of California. The three grades were used as separate replications of the study. Factor analysis (i.e., principal components) with oblique rotation yielded three main factors, identified as fluid (gf) and crystalized (gc) intelligence (both are aspects of Level II ability in Jensen's theory) and a memory factor (a Level I ability). Mean factor scores for the three ethnic groups differed significantly and showed significant interactions with ethnicity largely in accord with expectations from Jensen's two-level theory of abilities. The white and Negro groups differed markedly in gc and gf but not in memory; the white and Mexican groups differed markedly in gc, and much less in gf and memory. The Negro and Mexican groups differed the most in gf but only slightly in gc. There were also systematic ethnic group differences in the pattern of intercorrelations among factor scores, and in the correlations of the factor scores with an index of socioeconomic status. The results are discussed in relation to Jensen's two-level theory of mental abilities and Cattell's theory of fluid and crystalized intelligence
Cognition · Developmental psychology · Ethnic group · g factor · Intelligence quotient · Mexican americans · Short-term memory · Socioeconomic status · Working memory · Cognitive Abilities and Testing · Demography · Education, Achievement, and Giftedness · Emotional Intelligence and Performance · Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences · Psychology
Addressing psychology's problem with race
Perception and Reasoning Abilities among American, Japanese, and Chinese Adolescents
The Evaluation of Educational Journals Through the Study of Citations
Cultural-distance perspective
Ethnicity and Sex Distinctions in Patterns of Aptitude Factor Scores in a Sample of Urban High School Seniors
"Perceptual Speed" and Cognitive Controls
Level I and Level II Intelligence in Inuit and White Children from Similar Environments
| Citations per year | 0.14 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 1976 - 1996 (21) |
| Highly cited | No |