Genetic history of Chad
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8315385 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Daniel Shriner (0000-0003-1928-5520, Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda Maryland, corresponding author), Charles N Rotimi (0000-0001-5759-053X, Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda Maryland) |
| Year | 2018 |
| Volume | 167 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 804-812 |
| Publication date | 2018-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Physical Anthropology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-9483 • E-ISSN: 1096-8644 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajpa.23711 |
| PMID | 30259956 |
| OpenAlex | W2894270957 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 4 |
| References cited | 39 |
OBJECTIVES: The Sahel is a semi-arid zone stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east and from the Sahara in the north to the Sudanian Savanna in the south. Here, we investigated the genetic history of the spread of Northern African ancestry common among Berbers, the Y DNA haplogroup R1b-V88, and Chadic languages throughout the Sahel, with a focus on Chad. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We integrated and analyzed genotype data from 751 individuals from Chad, Burkina Faso, Mali, South Sudan, and Sudan in the context of a global reference panel of 5,966 individuals. RESULTS: We found that genetic diversity in Chad was broadly divided by a north-south axis. The core ancestry of Southern Chadians was Central African, most closely related to Pygmies. Southern Chadians then experienced four waves of gene flow over the last 3,000 years from West-Central Africans, Eastern Africans, West-Central Africans again, and then Arabians. In contrast, Northern Chadians did not share Central African ancestry and were not influenced by the first wave of West-Central Africans but were influenced by Northern African ancestry. DISCUSSION: We found that Y DNA haplogroup R1b entered the Chadian gene pool during Baggarization. Baggara Arabs spoke Arabic, not Chadic, implying that people carrying R1b-V88 were not responsible for the spread of Chadic languages, which may have spread approximately 3,700 years ago. We found no evidence for migration of Near Eastern farmers or any ancient episodes involving Eurasian backflow
Archaeology · Biology · Context (archaeology) · Ethnology · Gene · Genotype · Geography · Haplogroup · Haplotype · Out of africa · Forensic and Genetic Research · Genetic Associations and Epidemiology · Genetic diversity and population structure · History
The Emergence of Genomic Research in Africa and New Frameworks for Equity in Biomedical Research
Asia or Africa? Locating the Afrasian Homeland
Subsistence strategy was the main factor driving population differentiation in the bidirectional corridor of the African Sahel
Sahelian pastoralism from the perspective of variants associated with lactase persistence
The civilizations of Africa
The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans
The Expansion of mtDNA Haplogroup L3 within and out of Africa
Y chromosome sequence variation and the history of human populations
A Back Migration from Asia to Sub-Saharan Africa Is Supported by High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Haplotypes
Worldwide Human Relationships Inferred from Genome-Wide Patterns of Variation
Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals
The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society
Arabs and Arabic in the Lake Chad Region
Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon
Cross-cultural estimation of the human generation interval for use in genetics-based population divergence studies
Internal diversification of non‐Sub‐Saharan haplogroups in Sahelian populations and the spread of pastoralism beyond the Sahara
Y‐chromosome variation among Sudanese
Multiple and differentiated contributions to the male gene pool of pastoral and farmer populations of the African Sahel
Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs
On the Tribes of the Nile Valley, North of Khartum
| Unique citing works | 4 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,57 |
| Citation span | 2019 - 2021 (3) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 2 |