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Structural Violence and Women's Vulnerability to HIV/Aids in India

Understanding Through a “Grief Model” Framework

Bibliographic Data

ID8375175
AuthorsVandana Wadhwa (Boston University, corresponding author)
Year2012
Volume102
Issue5
Pages1200-1208
Publication date2012-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnals of the Association of American Geographers (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0004-5608 • E-ISSN: 1467-8306
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00045608.2012.659966
OpenAlexW2038868236
LanguageEN
Citations received4
References cited14

HIV/AIDS remains one of India's major health concerns today, with 2.27 million people affected by the disease. Ineffective/inappropriate policy stances at the incipient stages of the epidemic are primarily to blame. The Indian government's slow progression through stages of denial and stalling to final acceptance for comprehensive action is analogous to the psychiatric model of dealing with grief. This qualitative study, based on in-depth interviews of key informants from urban health posts serving four slums in Delhi and Hyderabad cities, explores AIDS awareness and attitudes in the community and HIV/AIDS policy efficacy. Findings reveal (i) a largely reactive policy response creating a circular relationship between policy, prevalence, and awareness, where policies often create local patterns of HIV/AIDS occurrence and awareness, which then inform next steps; (ii) the existence of institutional and socioeconomic barriers (poverty, underdevelopment, lack of transparency, taboo, and stigma), which can be conceptually framed as “structural violence.” The article concludes that the government's “Grief Model” policy response is another frame of reference through which structural violence can be understood. El HIV/SIDA se mantiene como una de las mayores preocupaciones actuales de la India, que registra 2.27 millones de personas afectadas por la enfermedad. Primariamente, se le echa la culpa a las posturas políticas inefectivas e inapropiadas durante las etapas incipientes de la epidemia. El lento avance del gobierno indio, desde las etapas de denegación y evasivas hasta la aceptación final de una acción comprensiva, es análogo al modelo psiquiátrico para lidiar con la pena. Este estudio cualitativo, basado en entrevistas a profundidad con informantes claves de unidades de salud urbana que sirven a cuatro barriadas tuguriales de las ciudades de Delhi y Hyderabad, explora la conciencia y actitudes que se tiene sobre el SIDA en las comunidades, y la eficacia de las políticas sobre HIV/SIDA. Los descubrimientos revelan, (i) una política de respuesta grandemente reactiva que crea una relación circular entre política, prevalencia y conciencia, donde las políticas a menudo crean patrones locales de ocurrencia y conciencia del HIV/SIDA, que luego informa las siguientes etapas; y (ii) la existencia de barreras institucionales y socioeconómicas (pobreza, subdesarrollo, falta de transparencia, tabú y estigma), que pueden ser conceptualmente enmarcadas como “violencia estructural”. El artículo concluye que la política de respuesta del “Modelo de Pena” del gobierno es otro marco de referencia a través del cual se puede entender la violencia estructural. Key Words: grief modelhealth policyHIV/AIDSIndiastructural violence.关键词: 悲伤模式卫生政策艾滋病毒艾滋病印度结构性暴力Palabras clave: modelo de penapolítica de saludHIV/SIDAIndiaviolencia estructural Acknowledgments This study was made possible by an Association of American Geographers (AAG) Research Grant (2006) and Regional Development and Planning Specialty Group (AAG) Travel Grant—my sincerest thanks to these bodies. Thanks also to Dr. Baleshwar Thakur, Dr. Kalpana Markandey, Dr. P. P. Singh, Dr. Sathyavathi, and Mr. S. V. Bhikkaji for support in the field. I am indebted to the participants and KIs for sharing their invaluable perspectives and to the two anonymous reviewers who provided immensely constructive feedback to help refine this work

Blame · Criminology · Denial · Domestic violence · Economic growth · Environmental health · Poison control · Political science · Politics · Poverty · Psychiatry · Sociology · Stigma (botany) · Structural violence · Suicide prevention · Taboo · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses · Law · Medicine · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare · Psychology

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Unique citing works4
Citations per year0,31
Citation span2013 - 2023 (11)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 4

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