Modernization, Self-Control and Lethal Violence. The Long-term Dynamics of European Homicide Rates in Theoretical Perspective
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8401337 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Manuel P Eisner (0000-0001-5436-9282, corresponding author), M EISNER |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 618-638 |
| Publication date | 2001-09-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The British Journal of Criminology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0007-0955 • E-ISSN: 1464-3529 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1093/bjc/41.4.618 |
| OpenAlex | W2031849679 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 116 |
| References cited | 11 |
The present paper examines secular trends of homicide rates by means of a systematic re‐analysis of all available quantitative studies on pre‐modern homicide. The results confirm, first, that homicide rates have declined in Europe over several centuries. Second, the empirical evidence shows, that unequivocal decline began in the early seventeenth century. Third, the data indicate that the secular decline begins with the pioneers of the modernization process, England and Holland, and slowly encompasses further regions. These findings corroborate much of the civilizing process framework proposed by Norbert Elias. Yet, the diffusion of self‐control was sustained not only by compliance to the state monopoly of power but by a variety of disciplining institutional arrangements. This includes, for example, the early expansion of schools, particularly in Northern Europe, the rise of religious reform movements, and the organization of work in manufacturing. Second, while social disciplining certainly is the central feature of the early modern period, it also served to push forward the rise of the specifically modern individualism that Durkheim sees as the cause of the decline of individual‐level violence.
Criminology · Homicide · Individualism · Modernization theory · Poison control · Political economy · Political science · Power (physics) · Sociology · Suicide prevention · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Crime, Deviance, and Social Control · History · Law · Medicine · Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses
Some Uses of Models of Quantitative Genetic Selection in Social Science
Evolution, Civilization and History
Puzzles of the Past
Modelos sociais e modelos "criminais" europeus
Violent crime in England in 1919
Violencia y justicia en Zamora
Testing' Elias
Long-Term Historical Trends in Violent Crime
Violencia en Tierra Caliente
Ação Institucional, Confiança Na Polícia E Legitimidade Em São Paulo
Criminal Justice and Neoliberalism
Przestępczość w II Rzeczpospolitej w świetle danych statystycznych
Analyzing the History of Religious Crime
Yes We Can
Trends in Street Crime and the Crime Drop
Aggression
Genetics and Social Behavior
The Monopoly of Violence
The Distinctiveness of Violence
Violence and the Civilising Process in Cambodia
Nils Petter Gleditsch
Prehistoric Myths in Modern Political Philosophy
Changing Prosecution Practices and their Impact on Crime Figures, 1857-1940
Criminalized violence and the process of civilisation
The Privatization of Violence
Sources of Conflict
The Trajectories of Lethal Violence
State Capacity and Public Provision in a Socially Fragmented Nation
Developing Criminal Propensity? Modeling Developmental Effects of the Code of the Street and Low Self-Control Over Time
The Hungarian Royal Gendarmerie and Political Violence in “Happy Peaceful Times” (1881-1914)
Crime and Violence in Brazilian History
La « paix des dames »
Lethal Violence in Decline
Geli̇şmi̇ş Bati Ülkeleri̇nde Suç Oranlarindaki̇ Deği̇şi̇m Nedenleri̇ni̇ Anlamak
Trade, Tolerance, and Transformation
Sex-related risks of trauma in medieval to early modern Denmark, and its relationship to change in interpersonal violence over time
Beyond the western crime drop
The homicide drop in England and Wales 2004–2014
Historical context and the criminological imagination
Firearm Homicides in Europe
Civilising the police
Crime, Law, and Regime Change
Criminal Violence in Modern Britain
The Limits of Culture
Barbarians at the Tills? Post-pandemic reflections on violence and abuse against workers in the retail industry
Explaining and sustaining the crime drop
What is Russia’s real homicide rate? Statistical reconstruction and the ‘decivilizing process’
A tale of two capitalisms
Exploring and explaining the geography of homicide
Till Death Us Do Part’
Political Development and Political Thought
Test of Impacts of Gender Equality and Economic Development on Sexual Violence
Culture, Region, and Cross‐National Violent Crime
Mesurer l'implication des jeunes dans la violence
The relative contribution of income inequality and imprisonment to the variation in homicide rates among Developed (OECD), South and Central American countries
Civilization, economic change, and trends in interpersonal violence in western societies
The human role in the age of information
Do Remittances Diminish Social Violence
Violence and Violence-Control in Long-Term Perspective
Crime Dynamics
Renewing Historical Criminology
Law and Civilization
Personality, mating effort and alcohol-related violence expectancies
Medieval Masculinities and Violence
Violence and the civilizing process
Civilizing Processes
Punishment, Power, and History
Violence and society
Homicide in Eighteenth-Century Scotland
Western Homicide
Numeracy of A fricans, A sians, and E uropeans during the early modern period
Long‐term Trends in Crimes of Violence (Comment on Cooney, 2003)
The Vanishing Killer
From Swords to Words
Disgust and the duel
Estimating the Accuracy of Historic Homicide Rates
Conceptualising criminal wars in Latin America
Historical criminology, a moving target
Problems of cross-cultural criminology no more! Testing two central tenets of Self-Control Theory across 28 nations
Individualization and the decline of homicide
Democracy and Crime
Democracy, Values, and Violence
Counting Crime Booms Among Nations
The Big Picture
Explaining Violence ‐ Towards a Critical Friendship with Neuroscience
The Impact of Urbanization on Murder Rates and on the Geography of Homicide in England and Wales, 1780–1850
Biology and the Deep History of Homicide
A Change of Perspective
Violence and Elias’s Historical Sociology
A De-Civilizing Reversal or System Normal? Rising Lethal Violence in Post-Recession Austerity United Kingdom
Are We Living in a More Violent Society
The Social–Structural Correlates of Homicide in Late-Tsarist Russia
Is Violent Crime Increasing or Decreasing? a New Methodology to Measure Repeat Attacks Making Visible the Significance of Gender and Domestic Relations
Marital, Reproductive, and Educational Behaviors Covary with Life Expectancy
The Civilizing Process and Its Discontents
Due Process and Homicide
The legacy of military dictatorship
The Liberal Moment Fifteen Years On1
How State Capacity Varies within Frontier States
Perverse state formation and securitized democracy in Latin America
Crime in early modern England, 1550-1750
Society and homicide in thirteenth-century England
Coercion, capital, and European states, AD 990-1992
A General Theory of Crime
Koln im Kreuzverhor
Historical Trends in Violent Crime
Criminality, Social Control, and the Early Modern State
Sources of the self
Patterns of Violence in English Society
Leib, Ehre und Gut
Changing Patterns of Violence and Justice In Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-Century Florence
| Unique citing works | 116 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 4,64 |
| Citation span | 2001 - 2026 (26) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 103 |