Developments in Non-Automated Techniques

Non-automated techniques (technology) are broadly discussed in terms of major developments of the last few years, the current position, and future trends. They are treated under the general headings of image generation, duplication, modification (processing) and multiplication, thus providing an analytical framework to the subject-matter, rather than a descriptive one. Technical details are only briefly outlined. The main emphasis is on (a) processes and materials which have had a significant influence on current practice, particularly plastic materials, silver-halide photography, diazo and electro- statography; and (b) outstanding problem areas, especially colour-proofing, and economical short-run multi-colour printing. NON-AUTOMATED techniques in cartography may be regarded as those dealing with the con- struction and reproduction processes involved in map production. Like all other technologies, these are steadily changing, generally by progressive development, very occasionally by a spectacular 'breakthrough'. For various reasons, and mainly because it is largely taken for granted, important progress in this field is currently overshadowed by the 'new' technology of automation or computer-controlled methods. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that many 'auto- matically produced' maps depend for their final form mainly on reprographic processes, and that automation itself is only one aspect of the constant search for faster, better and more standardized methods of map production. The graphic-arts industry as a whole is a large one, and plays an important role in the communication of information in any modern society. From a technical point of view, map pro

Computer Science · Geographic Information Systems Studies · Historical Geography and Cartography

• Computer-Aided Cartography

  David Rhind•Transactions of the Institute of…•1977

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