Gamma elements as protomental representations

Suggestions for expanding W. R. Bion’s theory of elements

Dados Bibliográficos

ID8971072
AutoresLutz Goetzmann (0000-0003-3260-897X, Institute of Philosophy, Psychoanalysis and Cultural Studies, autor correspondente)
Ano2020
Volume101
Fascículo6
Páginas1085-1105
Data de publicação2020-11-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoThe International Journal of Psychoanalysis (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0020-7578 • E-ISSN: 1745-8315
EditoraTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00207578.2020.1822145
PMID33952125
OpenAlexW3117494674
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas15

W. R. Bion developed various models and theories to describe the formation of mental representations. This article introduces an expansion of the model of alpha and beta elements by a new category, termed "gamma elements". Despite being transformable, gamma elements are characterized by an excessive feeling of reality, such that the subject must evacuate them. We are dealing here with visions, pseudohallucinations, scenarios in nightmares that are as terrible as they are sensorily charged, flashbacks, or overwhelming physical feelings interspersed with hypochondriacal anxieties. Using the "theory of maternal semiotics" (Kristeva), the author traces how the child's projectiles, i.e. beta experiences projected into the maternal container, are transformed into alpha and gamma elements. In this respect, gamma elements are more or less precise indicators of the analytic process: they indicate the extent to which the analysand is capable of enduring and transforming frustrating experiences in the here-and-now. The expansion of Bion's model of elements, therefore, has direct clinical relevance, in that gamma elements can be understood both as imaginative creations and as indications of disorganizing processes

Epistemology · Feeling · Psychoanalysis · Relevance (law · Semiotics · Subject (documents · Vision · Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology · Computer Science · Philosophy · Psychology · Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications · Social Psychology · Social Representations and Identity