Slavery and Its Transformation in the Kingdom of Kongo
1491–1800
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8977552 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Linda M Heywood (0009-0001-5871-9267, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-22 |
| Publication date | 2009-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Journal of African History (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0021-8537 • E-ISSN: 1469-5138 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0021853709004228 |
| OpenAlex | W2113336442 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 60 |
| References cited | 5 |
Studies of slavery in Africa during the period of the Atlantic slave trade have largely ignored questions of how political processes affected enslavement during the period and also the extent to which notions of who could be enslaved were modified. Documentation for the kingdom of Kongo during the 1500s to 1800 allows us to explore how the trade was sustained and the social and political dynamics behind it. In a state that consistently exported large numbers of slaves throughout the period of the trade, kings of Kongo at first observed quite a pronounced distinction between foreign-born captives subject to enslavement and sale in the Atlantic trade and freeborn Kongos who were largely proctected from enslavement and sale overseas. In time, however, the distinctions that separated foreign-born and Kongos fell apart as later political authorities and others disregarded such distinctions and all Kongos became subject to enslavement and sale overseas. This was a product of internal Kongo conflicts, which witnessed the collapse of institutions and the redefinition of polity, what it meant to be a citizen or freeborn, and who could be enslaved
Atlantic slave trade · Economic history · Fell · Geography · Kingdom · Period (music · Political science · Politics · Polity · State (computer science · Subject (documents · African history and culture studies · Colonialism, slavery, and trade · Global Maritime and Colonial Histories · History · Law
Ethiopia and Congo
Human Rights in Africa
Ceramics Decorated with Woven Motifs
Soyo and Kongo
The slave trade and the African diaspora
Kongo Cosmopolitans in the Nineteenth Century
The Eastern Border of the Kongo Kingdom
A Central African Kingdom
The Origins of Kongo
‘To Make Book’
Introduction
From America to Africa
From Image to Grave and Back
The Making of Kongo Identity in the American Diaspora
Investigating Multidirectional Violence in Eastern Congo
Violent Raiding, Systematic Slaving, and Sweeping Depopulation? Re-Evaluating the Scythian Impact on Central Europe through the Lens of the Witaszkowo/Vettersfelde Hoard
Seeing African and Indigenous States and Societies
Cross-Cultural Exchange in the Atlantic World
Slavery and Slaving in African History
A History of West Central Africa to 1850
The Kongo Kingdom
The Atlantic Slave Trade from West Central Africa, 1780–1867
Rituals, Runaways, and the Haitian Revolution
Putting pots and people in the Sahelian empires
Reconsidering Reparations
Trocas culturais no “Rio Atlântico”
Trocas culturais no "Rio Atlântico"
Escravos e Penhorados como "mercadorias" na África Central Antiga
Eko Gb'ole o Gbole
A população do Reino de Angola durante a era do tráfico de escravos
Kimpa Vita (Dona Beatriz) and “Afro-Catholicism”
Enclosed Futures
Redefining African Regions for Linking Open-Source Data
Chemical analysis, chronology, and context of a European glass bead assemblage from Garumele, Niger
The Holocaust and New World Slavery
Abolición vs continuidad del tráfico de esclavos. Una aproximación al tema desde las costas de África
The Holocaust and New World slavery a comparative history
Contested enslavement
Slavery
The AfCFTA in the Context of Africa-EU Relations
African Women’s Access and Rights to Property in the Portuguese Empire
The Elusive Archaeology of Kongo Urbanism
Dancing for the King of Congo from Early Modern Central Africa to Slavery-Era Brazil
African Voices From the Congo Coast
Revising the Population History of the Kingdom of Kongo
How empires emerge
Against Diffusion
Something New out of Africa
The Peopling of an African Slave Port
O limite tênue entre liberdade e escravidão em Benguela durante a era do comércio transatlântico
La mémoire de l'Afrique centrale chez les esclaves du Rosaire à Minas Gerais, Brésil
Esclavage africain et traite atlantique confrontés
Cross-Cultural Trade and the Slave Ship the Bonne Société
Flying Back to Africa or Flying to Heaven? Competing Visions of Afterlife in the Lowcountry and Caribbean Slave Societies
Vestindo o escravismo
Global Slavery in the Making of States and International Orders
The Confederation between the Kingdoms of Portugal and Kongo, 1511-1665
Kongolese Sacred Sovereignties and Legalities in the Early Modern Trans-Atlantic
Arching over the Atlantic
The Tiwi of Melville Island, the Portuguese of Timor, and Slavery
The Kingdom of Kongo, ca. 1390-1678. The Development of an African Social Formation
Early Kongo-Portuguese Relations
African Slavery and other Forms of Social Oppression on the Upper Guinea Coast in the Context of the Atlantic Slave-Trade
Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Context of West African History
Elite Women in the Kingdom of Kongo
| Unique citing works | 60 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,75 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 59 |