Testing the competing life reinforcers model for substance use in reserve-dwelling First Nation youth

Bibliographic Data

ID9055416
AuthorsNichea S Spillane (0000-0002-4110-3255, University of Rhode Island), Melissa R Schick (0000-0003-0689-6672, University of Rhode Island), Tessa Nalven (0000-0002-1332-195X, University of Rhode Island), Silvi C Goldstein (0000-0002-1460-9752, University of Rhode Island), Katelyn T Kirk-Provencher (0000-0003-4106-2526, University of Rhode Island), Danielle Hill (0000-0002-8997-0294, University of Rhode Island), Christopher W Kahler (0000-0002-6248-4149, John Brown University)
Year2021
Volume91
Issue4
Pages477-486
Publication date2021-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Journal of Orthopsychiatry (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0002-9432 • E-ISSN: 1939-0025
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/ort0000543
PMID34338542
OpenAlexW3190580724
LanguageEN
Citations received11
References cited21

PURPOSE: North American Indigenous (NAI) communities often cite substance misuse as problematic in their communities. The Competing Life Reinforcers (CLRs) model suggests that when reinforcers are valued, important, and incompatible with substance use, they will be associated with less substance misuse. Three categories of CLRs were identified in our formative work and include the following: cultural, social, and extracurricular activities. The aims of the current study were to test the associations among valuing and availability of CLRs and NAI adolescent alcohol and marijuana use. METHODS: Adolescents living in rural First Nation reserve communities (N = 106, 50.0% female) reported their substance use and perceived availability and valuing of CLRs (e.g., smudging and after school activities). FINDINGS: Greater value placed on cultural reinforcers was significantly associated with reduced likelihood of past 3-month drinking to get drunk (OR = 0.85, 95% CI[0.73, 0.98]). Greater value placed on social reinforcers was associated with lower likelihood of past 3-month drinking (OR = 0.94, 95% CI[0.89, 0.995]) and past-3 month drinking to get drunk (OR = 0.94, 95% CI[0.88, 0.99]). Greater valuing extracurricular activities were associated with lower likelihood of past month marijuana use (OR = 0.84, 95% CI[0.72, 098]), past 3-month drinking (OR = 0.77, 95% CI[0.64, 0.92]), and past 3-month drinking to get drunk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI[0.63, 0.92]). CONCLUSIONS: CLRs may be protective against NAI adolescent substance use and may be useful targets for prevention and treatment for NAI adolescent substance use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Substance use · Clinical Psychology · Demography · Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights · Opioid Use Disorder Treatment · Psychology · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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