Hospital Costs and Length of Stay Among Homeless Patients Admitted to Medical, Surgical, and Psychiatric Services

Bibliographic Data

ID9102072
AuthorsSung-Wook Hwang (0000-0002-1276-1101, St. Michael's Hospital, corresponding author), Stephen W Hwang, James Weaver (0000-0003-0755-5191, St. Michael's Hospital, corresponding author), Tim Aubry (0000-0002-6204-3773, University of Ottawa), Jeffrey S Hoch (0000-0002-4880-4281, University of Toronto, corresponding author)
Year2011
Volume49
Issue4
Pages350-354
Publication date2011-04-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueMedical Care (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0025-7079 • E-ISSN: 1537-1948
PublisherOvid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1097/mlr.0b013e318206c50d
PMID21368678
OpenAlexW1967539199
LanguageEN
Citations received52
References cited6

BACKGROUND: Homeless individuals often suffer from serious health conditions and are frequently hospitalized. This study compares hospitalization costs for homeless and housed patients, with and without adjustment for patient and service characteristics. METHODS: Administrative data on 93,426 admissions at an academic teaching hospital in Toronto, Canada, were collected over a 5-year period. These data included an identifier for patients who were homeless. Each admission was allocated a cost in Canadian dollars based on Ontario Case Costing methodology. Associations between homeless status and cost were examined for the entire sample and stratified by medical, surgical, and psychiatric services. RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 90,345 housed patient admissions (mean cost, $12,555) and 3081 homeless patient admissions (mean cost, $13,516). After adjustment for age, gender, and resource intensity weight, homeless patient admissions cost $2559 more than housed patient admissions (95% CI, $2053, $3066). For patients on medical and surgical services, much of this difference was explained by more alternate level of care days spent in the hospital, during which patients did not require the level of services provided in an acute care facility. Homeless patient admissions on the psychiatric service cost $1058 more than housed patient admissions (95% CI, $480, $1635) even after adjustment for length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless patients on medical and surgical services remain hospitalized longer than housed patients, resulting in substantial excess costs. Homeless patients admitted for psychiatric conditions have higher costs not explained by prolonged length of stay. These observations may help guide development of community-based interventions for homeless individuals and reduce their use of inpatient care

Activity-based costing · Family medicine · Psychiatry · Psychological intervention · Emergency Medicine · Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints · Homelessness and Social Issues · Medicine · Psychiatric care and mental health services