Obsidian Distribution

Eleven artifacts visually similar to obsidian were recovered from secure subsurface contexts in a Late Archaic component at the Pipeline site (41PT185/C) near Amarillo, Texas. X-ray florescence analysis of nine pieces yielded chemical results that indicate that eight obsidian pieces came from three separate sources in the Jemez Mountains of north central New Mexico. Two pieces were from El Rechuelos, three pieces were identified as Cerro Toledo Rhyolite, and three pieces were identified as Valles Rhyolite. One piece was chemically similar to modern glass. The radiocarbon dating of this Late Archaic component documents earlier west to east movement of obsidian onto the High Plains, the western section of the southern Plains, prior to the more extensive trading networks envisioned for the subsequent Plains Village tradition (Middle Ceramic period)

Archaeology · Archaic period · Geography · Period (music) · Radiocarbon dating · Rhyolite · Volcanic rock · Volcano · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Natural History · Geology · Paleontology · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

• Long-distance conveyance of California obsidian at the Hayhurst lithic cache site (34ML168) in Oklahoma

  Sean G Dolan, M S Shackley et al.•Plains Anthropologist•2018

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• Architecture and Community Variability within the Antelope Creek Phase of the Texas Panhandle

  Open Access•Christropher Ray Lintz•Index of Texas Archaeology Open…•1984

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• Caprock Canyonlands Archeology

  Open Access•Douglas Prewitt, Dating At Lake et al.•Index of Texas Archaeology Open…•1997

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• New Mexico Obsidian Sources and Exchange on the Southern Plains

  Timothy G Baugh, Fred W Nelson•Journal of Field Archaeology•1987

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• Note

  Regge N Wiseman•Plains Anthropologist•1992

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• A Late Archaic Bison Processing Event in the Texas Panhandle

  J Michael Quigg•Plains Anthropologist•1998

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• Distribution and sources of obsidian in the Rio Grande gravels of New Mexico

  Open Access•Tim Church•Geoarchaeology•2000

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• Prehistoric New Mexico

  Randall H Mcguire, David E Stuart et al.•The American Indian Quarterly•1988

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