Holocene Man in North America

Patterns of human occupation and vegetation are delineated on maps of North America for one thousand year intervals through the Holocene. The raw data for this review include radiocarbon-dated pollen cores and archaeological information and treering records. Dynamic changes in the Laurentide Ice limits and major ecotones are observed through the middle Holocene, when both features reach essentially post-glacial stability. Significant changes in the vegetation boundaries continue to the present, but the scale of change is much diminished.Early Holocene occupation apparently expanded from Alaska south to California, then east, parallel to the southern boundary of the grasslands, to the Mississippi River and northeastward to the east coast. The absence of occpuation in late-Atlantic time is noted through much of the Great Plains and continued until about 4,000 BP. Within the next millennium, evidence of human occupation virtually covered the United States (except for the northwest) and much of coastal Canada.Environmental conditions and occupation over North America are reviewed within the framework of Holocene climatic episodes

Archaeology · Before Present · Ecotone · Geography · Glacial period · Habitat · Holocene · Holocene climatic optimum · Physical geography · Quaternary · Radiocarbon dating · Vegetation (pathology) · Ecology · Geology · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Oceanography · Paleontology · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology · Tree-ring climate responses

• Clinal Variation of Some Mammals During the Holocene in Missouri

  Open Access•James R Purdue•Quaternary Research•1980

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• Late Holocene Alluvial Chronology and Climate Change in the Central Great Plains

  Open Access•Charles W Martin•Quaternary Research•1992

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• Geoarchaeological Evidence for Prairie-Mound Formation in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Southeastern Missouri

  Open Access•M J O''Brien, R L Lyman et al.•Quaternary Research•1989

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• Fauna from the Hulme Site and Comments on Central Plains Tradition. Subsistence Variability

  John R Bozell•Plains Anthropologist•1991

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• Long-Term Trends to Sedentism and the Emergence of Complexity in the American Midwest

  Open Access•James A Brown•Prehistoric hunter-gatherers•1985

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• A Middle Archaic Burial from East Central Kansas

  Open Access•Robert J Hoard, William E Banks et al.•American Antiquity•2004

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• Cultural responses to the altithermal

  Open Access•Michael S Sheehan•Geoarchaeology•1994

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• Chronostratigraphy of upper James river floodplain sediments

  Open Access•Paul R Picha, Michael L Gregg•Geoarchaeology•1993

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• Ecological Edges and Archaeological Site Location in Saskatchewan, Canada

  Open Access•Henry T Epp•North American Archaeologist•1985

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• The Pipestem Burial

  Open Access•Richard A Fox, John Allen Williams•North American Archaeologist•1982

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• Spatial Analysis Of Archaeological Data At The John Martin Dam And Reservoir, Southeastern Colorado

  Frank W Eddy, Richard E Oberlin et al.•Plains Anthropologist•1984

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• On the Similarity of Odocoileus Hemionus And O. Virginianus Mandibles

  E Lin Buie, James R Purdue•Plains Anthropologist•1986

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• A Folsom Hunting Overlook In Eastern Wyoming

  Jack L Hofman, Eric E Ingbar et al.•Plains Anthropologist•1988

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• Paleoindian Occupation of the Eastern Sand Hills

  Thomas P Myers•Plains Anthropologist•1995

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• Culture, Environment, and Bison Populations on the Late Prehistoric and Early Historic Central Plains

  John R Bozell•Plains Anthropologist•1995

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• A Late Archaic Skeleton From The Northeastern Colorado High Plains

  James A Wanner, James Wanner et al.•Plains Anthropologist•1992

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• Early Archaic Diet in the Tallgrass Prairie and Shortgrass Plains

  Open Access•Michael S Sheehan•North American Archaeologist•1999

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• Dietary Responses to Mid-Holocene Climatic Change

  Open Access•Michael S Sheehan•North American Archaeologist•2002

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• Early Woodland Black Sand Occupation in the Lower Missouri Valley, Western Missouri

  Terrell L Martin•Plains Anthropologist•2007

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• Cultural Responses to The Altithermal or Inadequate Sampling

  Michael S Sheehan•Plains Anthropologist•1995

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• Age and Paleoclimatic Significance of Holocene Sand Dunes in Northeastern Colorado

  Daniel R Muhs•Annals of the Association of…•1985

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• Toward a Processual Understanding of the Initial Variant of the Middle Missouri Tradition

  Open Access•Duane C Anderson•American Antiquity•1987

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• The Effects of the Hypsithermal on Prehistoric Foraging Efficiency in Missouri

  Open Access•Wolverton, Steve Wolverton•American Antiquity•2005

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• Late Quaternary Vegetation Development in South-Central Illinois

  Open Access•Eberhard Grüger•Quaternary Research•1972

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• Late Quaternary Biotic Records from Spring Deposits in Western Missouri11This paper is contribution No. 41, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

  Open Access•James E King, Everett H Lindsay•Prehistoric man and his…•1976

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• The Early Man Site at Warm Mineral Springs, Florida

  Carl J Clausen, H K Brooks et al.•Journal of Field Archaeology•1975

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• A Reassessment of Northeastern Great Basin Prehistory

  Open Access•David B Madsen, Michael S Berry•American Antiquity•1975

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• The Concept of an Altithermal Cultural Hiatus in Northern Plains Prehistory

  Open Access•Brian Reeves•American Anthropologist•1973

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