Dating and Analysis of Western Stemmed Toolkits from the Legacy Collection of Connley Cave 4, Oregon
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9330069 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Richard L Rosencrance (0000-0002-9961-0874, University of Nevada, Reno, corresponding author), K N Mcdonough (0000-0003-2882-897X, University of Oregon), Justin A Holcomb (0000-0002-4461-1634, United States Geological Survey), Pamela E Endzweig (University of Oregon), Dennis L Jenkins (0000-0003-0332-3238, University of Oregon) |
| Year | 2022 |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 264-284 |
| Publication date | 2022-07-03 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | PaleoAmerica (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2055-5563 • E-ISSN: 2055-5571 |
| Publisher | Taylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/20555563.2022.2088132 |
| OpenAlex | W4287094071 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
| References cited | 33 |
Stephen Bedwell excavated the Connley Caves in 1967 and 1968, uncovering dense Western Stemmed Tradition assemblages in the lowest deposits. Reporting a series of radiocarbon dates between 11,200 ± 200 14C yr BP and 9150 ± 150 14C yr BP, he suggested the earliest human occupation of Cave 4 dated to ∼11,000 14C yr BP. Subsequent researchers have questioned the veracity of his claim and the reliability of his data. We revisit Bedwell’s investigations to provide a detailed narrative of the excavations and more thoroughly report the Western Stemmed materials. We identify and date two Early Holocene and late Pleistocene cultural features and recharacterize the lithic assemblage. Our results suggest that Bedwell’s oldest date is aberrant and current evidence for the earliest occupations spans the Younger Dryas. This study provides new information, resolves long-standing questions about Bedwell’s assumptions and methodologies, and facilitates the incorporation of the collection into on-going Western Stemmed research in the northern Great Basin
Archaeology · Assemblage (archaeology · Cave · Excavation · Geography · Holocene · Pleistocene · Radiocarbon dating · Younger Dryas · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology · Geology · Paleontology
The Western Stemmed Tradition Components of Last Supper Cave, Nevada
Frost Action during the Younger Dryas Inferred from Soil Micromorphology at Connley Cave 5, Oregon
Bayesian Analysis of Haskett Projectile Point Radiocarbon Dates in the Intermountain West Demonstrates Contemporaneity with Clovis and Folsom Points
Fish and Fishing in the Southern Columbia Plateau and Northwestern Great Basin during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene
An early Holocene crescent and associated technologies at Connley Cave 6, Oregon
Chipped-Stone Crescents from the Terminal Pleistocene–Early Holocene of Far Western North America and the Transverse Projectile Point Hypothesis
Clovis Age Western Stemmed Projectile Points and Human Coprolites at the Paisley Caves
Late Upper Paleolithic occupation at Cooper’s Ferry, Idaho, USA, ~16,000 years ago
Paleoindian Colonization by Boat? Refining the Coastal Model
Current Research at the Connley Caves (35LK50)
Younger Dryas Archaeology and Human Experience at the Paisley Caves in the Northern Great Basin
Lithics
Climate, environment, and humans in North America’s Great Basin during the Younger Dryas, 12,900–11,600 calendar years ago
A Review of the Evidence for Early Holocene Turkeys in the Northern Great Basin
Haskett Spear Weaponry and Protein-Residue Evidence of Proboscidean Hunting in the Great Salt Lake Desert, Utah
Western Stemmed Tradition Settlement–Subsistence and Lithic Technological Organization in the Catnip Creek Delta, Guano Valley, Oregon, USA
Archaeology in the Great Basin and Southwest
Cultural Sequences at the Dalles, Oregon
The Western Stemmed Tradition
The Terminal Pleistocene/Early Holocene Record in the Northwestern Great Basin
Macro and Micro Wear Traces on Lithic Projectile Points
Microarchaeological Approaches to the Identification and Interpretation of Combustion Features in Prehistoric Archaeological Sites
The Analysis of Stone Tool Procurement, Production, and Maintenance
Bayesian Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates
Discussion Reporting of 14 C Data
The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
Technological Organization and Settlement Mobility
Eyed Bone Needles from a Younger Dryas Paleoindian Component at Tule Lake Rock Shelter, Northern California
North American Paleoindian Eyed Bone Needles
Eye of the Needle
Clovis and Western Stemmed
Willow Smoke and Dogs' Tails
Expanding Paleoindian Diet Breadth
Reinvestigating Cougar Mountain Cave
Return to Fort Rock Cave
| Unique citing works | 6 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2 |
| Citation span | 2023 - 2026 (4) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 6 |