Nature and Provenance of Red Pipestone from the Wittrock Site (130B4), Northwest Iowa
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9354599 |
|---|---|
| Authors | James Novotny Gundersen (Wichita State University, corresponding author), Joseph A Tiffany (Office of the State Archaeologist, The University of Iowa, Iowa City) |
| Year | 1986 |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 45-67 |
| Publication date | 1986-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | North American Archaeologist (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0197-6931 • E-ISSN: 1541-3543 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.2190/fcdx-c4l7-cfw3-eb7g |
| OpenAlex | W2330863980 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 17 |
| References cited | 8 |
Five pipestone specimens from the Wittrock Mill Creek culture site were evaluated by x-ray powder diffraction analysis. While their mineral compositions were very similar to one another, they are not among the varieties of “catlinite” pipestone types occurring at Pipestone National Monument, a commonly assumed source of all pipestone. Pipestone types like the Wittrock specimens were found in outcrop and cores from south central Minnesota. Because several pipestone samples from abandoned river-terrace gravel quarries and gravel bars immediately adjacent to the site produced the same kaolinite-rich quartzose variety of pipestone materials recovered archaeologically, the conclusion is that the Wittrock Village inhabitants obtained pipestone raw materials locally. These results are discussed with respect to resolution of archaeological problems not the least being when prehistoric groups abandoned the use of local source materials in favor of “catlinite” materials now exposed at Pipestone National Monument
Archaeology · Art · Culture of the United States · Geochemistry · Geography · Geomorphology · Outcrop · Prehistory · Provenance · Terrace (agriculture · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Natural History · Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies · Geology
Late Prehistoric Plains Trade and Economic Specialization
Pipestone Artifacts From Upper Mississippi Valley Sites
De-Mything the Cahokia Catlinite Trade
The Allure of the Exotic
Pipestone argillite artifacts from old mobile and environs
Altiplano comestible earths
Revision of hopewellian trading patterns in midwestern North America based on mineralogical sourcing
Stone pipe-making tools in ancient North America
Sourcing Red Pipestone Artifacts from Oneota Villages in the Little Sioux Valley of Northwest Iowa
Tremper Mound, Hopewell Catlinite, and Pima Technology
The Windom Pipe
Red pigment in the Central Plains
Continuity and change in pipestone sources at Great Bend aspect and Wichita sites
Pipe forms and regional interaction spheres in the Great Plains and U.S. Southwest
Cherokee Towns and Calumet Ceremonialism in Eastern North America
An Alternative Explanation of Subsistence Change during the Early Historic Period at Pecos Pueblo
Catlinite' and the Spread of the Calumet Ceremony
| Unique citing works | 17 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,47 |
| Citation span | 1990 - 2023 (34) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 17 |