Congress and Cuba
The Helms-Burton Act
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9544484 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Andreas F Lowenfeld (corresponding author) |
| Year | 1996 |
| Volume | 90 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 419-434 |
| Publication date | 1996-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of International Law (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-9300 • E-ISSN: 2161-7953 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.2307/2204066 |
| OpenAlex | W2330229362 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 8 |
On March 12, 1996, President Clinton signed the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996, generally known by the names of its principal sponsors as the Helms-Burton Act. The Act is a mixture of codification of existing economic sanctions previously imposed pursuant to executive orders; inducements and promises related to restoration of democracy in Cuba; threats against persons from third countries that do business with Cuba; a new, unprecedented remedy for expropriation; and restrictions on entry into the United States by persons who “traffic in confiscated property” or who are affiliated with such persons by ownership, employment or family. The President had indicated that he would veto the Helms-Burton bill if it reached his desk, and quite possibly it would never have done so, but for the events in the Florida Strait on Saturday, February 24, 1996. On that day, at about 3:15 in the afternoon, two Cessna 337 light planes flown by a Cuban-American organization based in Florida were blown up by missiles launched by MIG–23 and MIG–29 planes of the Cuban Air Force, apparently on standing orders of President Fidel Castro. President Clinton immediately condemned the attack, and by the following Wednesday, he announced that he now would sign the Helms-Burton bill, subject to one compromise to be discussed hereafter
Democracy · Expropriation · Political science · Politics · Veto · Cuban History and Society · Economic Sanctions and International Relations · Law · Legal Cases and Commentary
American hýbris
Geopolitical competition, globalisation and WTO reform
The role and welfare rationale of secondary sanctions
The Total S.A. Case
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law
Extraterritoriality and the Corporate Governance Law
Beyond the borders
Bienvenidos a Miami
| Unique citing works | 8 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,29 |
| Citation span | 1998 - 2023 (26) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 8 |