Elation

The concept of elation is defined as a non‐instrumental change in the vigour of responding brought about by an upward shift in conditions of reward. It is seen that this reward change could be contingent or non‐contingent on behaviour; it could be signalled or unsignalled; and the changed reward could be the same or different in quantity and/or quality from that which went before. Studies under the eight categories suggested by this analysis are reviewed with special reference to the emotional, rather than instrumental, components of behaviour following reward shift. The review strongly indicates that although the various experimental approaches which are considered have reward increase as a common theme, the effects from study to study are disparate. This suggests that future research would profit from parametric analyses of the individual procedures

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• Effects of Signalling Reinforcement Which Maintains Variable Ratio Performance of Rats and Pigeons

  Open Access•R C Morris, Reg Morris et al.•Psychological Reports•1979

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